Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-521
AllowedWeak Password Requirements
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not require that users should have strong passwords.
351 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-9514 (GCVE-0-2025-9514)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-27 06:02 – Updated: 2025-08-27 14:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
macrozheng mall Registration weak password
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in macrozheng mall up to 1.0.3. This impacts an unknown function of the component Registration. Such manipulation leads to weak password requirements. The attack can be executed remotely. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. The exploitability is said to be difficult. The vendor deleted the GitHub issue for this vulnerability without and explanation.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321507 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321507 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.635503 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/macrozheng/mall/issues/923 | issue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| macrozheng | mall |
Affected:
1.0.0
Affected: 1.0.1 Affected: 1.0.2 Affected: 1.0.3 |
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CVE-2025-8549 (GCVE-0-2025-8549)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-05 06:32 – Updated: 2025-08-05 13:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
atjiu pybbs UserAdminController.java update weak password
Summary
A vulnerability was found in atjiu pybbs up to 6.0.0. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function update of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/controller/admin/UserAdminController.java. The manipulation leads to weak password requirements. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as d09cb19a8e7d7e5151282926ada54080244d499f. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.318678 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.318678 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.622187 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/201 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/201#issueco… | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/201#issue-3… | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/commit/d09cb19a8e7… | patch |
Credits
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CVE-2025-8182 (GCVE-0-2025-8182)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-26 08:32 – Updated: 2025-07-28 15:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tenda AC18 Samba smb.conf weak password
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Tenda AC18 15.03.05.19 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /etc_ro/smb.conf of the component Samba. The manipulation leads to weak password requirements. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.317596 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.317596 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.621977 | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.notion.so/23a54a1113e7802abfabf1275a555f48 | exploit |
| https://www.tenda.com.cn/ | product |
Credits
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CVE-2025-5022 (GCVE-0-2025-5022)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-10 08:33 – Updated: 2025-09-19 00:10 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Weak Password Requirements vulnerability in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation photovoltaic system monitor “EcoGuideTAB” PV-DR004J all versions and PV-DR004JA all versions allows an attacker within the Wi-Fi communication range between the units of the product (measurement unit and display unit) to derive the password from the SSID. In addition, if the product is configured to enable the individual air conditioner control function, an attacker who has access to the Wi-Fi communication between the units by exploiting this vulnerability may be able to execute ECHONET Lite commands to perform operations such as turning the air conditioner on or off and changing the set temperature. The individual air conditioner control function is available only in display unit version 02.00.01 or later and measurement unit version 02.03.01 or later. The affected products discontinued in 2015, support ended in 2020.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/psirt/vulnerab… | vendor-advisory |
| https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU90283680/ | government-resource |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | PV-DR004J |
Affected:
All versions
|
|
| Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | PV-DR004JA |
Affected:
All versions
|
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CVE-2025-4534 (GCVE-0-2025-4534)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-11 07:31 – Updated: 2025-05-12 13:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SunGrow Logger1000 weak password
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in SunGrow Logger1000 01_A. This issue affects some unknown processing. The manipulation leads to weak password requirements. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.308279 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.308279 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.566423 | third-party-advisory |
| https://wiki.shikangsi.com/post/share/a1cc2e2c-1f… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SunGrow | Logger1000 |
Affected:
01_A
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-1993 (GCVE-0-2025-1993)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-09 17:12 – Updated: 2025-08-31 01:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM App Connect Enterprise Certified Container information disclosure
Summary
IBM App Connect Enterprise Certified Container 8.1, 8.2, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 10.0, 10.1, 11.0, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 12.0, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7, 12.8, 12.9, and 12.10 DesignerAuthoring instances store their flows in a database that is protected by weaker than expected cryptographic algorithms that could be decrypted by a local user.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7233054 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | App Connect Enterprise Certified Container |
Affected:
8.1
Affected: 8.2 Affected: 9.0 Affected: 9.1 Affected: 9.2 Affected: 10.0 Affected: 10.1 Affected: 11.0 Affected: 11.1 Affected: 11.2 Affected: 11.3 Affected: 11.4 Affected: 11.5 Affected: 11.6 Affected: 12.0 Affected: 12.1 Affected: 12.2 Affected: 12.3 Affected: 12.4 Affected: 12.5 Affected: 12.6 Affected: 12.7 Affected: 12.8 Affected: 12.9 Affected: 12.10 cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:8.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:8.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:9.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:9.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:9.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:10.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:10.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.5:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:11.6:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.5:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.6:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.7:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.8:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.9:-:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:app_connect_enterprise_certified_container:12.10:-:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-1474 (GCVE-0-2025-1474)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:10 – Updated: 2025-03-20 18:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weak Password Requirements in mlflow/mlflow
Summary
In mlflow/mlflow version 2.18, an admin is able to create a new user account without setting a password. This vulnerability could lead to security risks, as accounts without passwords may be susceptible to unauthorized access. Additionally, this issue violates best practices for secure user account management. The issue is fixed in version 2.19.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mlflow | mlflow/mlflow |
Affected:
unspecified , < 2.19.0
(custom)
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CVE-2025-1341 (GCVE-0-2025-1341)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-16 14:00 – Updated: 2025-02-18 21:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PMWeb Setting weak password
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in PMWeb 7.2.0. This affects an unknown part of the component Setting Handler. The manipulation leads to weak password requirements. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. It is recommended to change the configuration settings. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.295959 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.295959 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.495635 | third-party-advisory |
| https://mega.nz/file/yY0BnAgK#08RcRH8c8D4zMhKLEqQ… | exploit |
Credits
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CVE-2024-48845 (GCVE-0-2024-48845)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-05 12:42 – Updated: 2024-12-05 18:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weak Password Rules/Strength
Summary
Weak Password Reset Rules vulnerabilities where found providing a potiential for the storage of weak passwords that could facilitate unauthorized admin/application access.
Affected products:
ABB ASPECT - Enterprise v3.07.02;
NEXUS Series v3.07.02;
MATRIX Series v3.07.02
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABB | ASPECT-Enterprise |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.07.02
(custom)
|
|
| ABB | NEXUS Series |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.07.02
(custom)
|
|
| ABB | MATRIX Series |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.07.02
(custom)
|
|
| abb | aspect_enterprise |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.08.01
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:abb:aspect_enterprise:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| abb | nexus_series |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.08.01
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:abb:nexus_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| abb | matrix_series |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.08.01
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:abb:matrix_series:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-47121 (GCVE-0-2024-47121)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-26 17:18 – Updated: 2025-05-02 16:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weak Passwords Requirements in goTenna Pro
Summary
The goTenna Pro App uses a weak password for sharing encryption keys via
the key broadcast method. If the broadcasted encryption key is captured
over RF, and password is cracked via brute force attack, it is possible
to decrypt it and use it to decrypt all future and past messages sent
via encrypted broadcast with that particular key. This only applies when
the key is broadcasted over RF. This is an optional feature, so it is
recommended to use local QR encryption key sharing for additional
security on this and previous versions.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-521 - Weak Password Requirements
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/i… | government-resource |
Credits
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"value": "\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003egoTenna recommends that users mitigate these vulnerabilities by performing the following updates:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAndroid Pro: v2.0.3 or greater\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eiOS Pro: v2.0.3 or greater\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"
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"value": "\u003cp\u003egoTenna recommends that users follow these mitigations:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGeneral Mitigations for All Users/Clients\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eUse Discreet Callsigns and Key Names: Choose callsigns and key names\n that do not disclose sensitive information, such as your location, team\n size, or team name. Avoid using any identifiers that could \ninadvertently reveal your location or the composition of your team.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure End-User Devices: Implement strong security measures on all \nend-user devices, including the use of encryption and ensuring regular \nsoftware updates.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFollow Key Rotation Best Practices: Regularly rotate encryption keys\n according to industry best practices to maintain ongoing security.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePro-Specific Mitigations\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShare Encryption Keys via QR Code: Utilize QR codes, similar to ATAK, for the secure exchange of encryption keys.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSecure Broadcasting: When broadcasting, ensure you are in a secured \narea and transmit the key at a reduced power of 0.5 Watts to limit \nexposure.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLeverage Layered Encryption: Implement layered encryption keys to \nsecurely manage communications, whether interacting with individuals or \nteams.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you have any questions please contact \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eprosupport@gotenna.com\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003egoTenna recommends users follow their secure operating \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://support.gotennapro.com/s/article/Secure-Operating\"\u003ebest practices\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\u003cbr\u003e"
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"value": "goTenna recommends that users follow these mitigations:\n\n\nGeneral Mitigations for All Users/Clients\n\n\n\n * Use Discreet Callsigns and Key Names: Choose callsigns and key names\n that do not disclose sensitive information, such as your location, team\n size, or team name. Avoid using any identifiers that could \ninadvertently reveal your location or the composition of your team.\n\n * Secure End-User Devices: Implement strong security measures on all \nend-user devices, including the use of encryption and ensuring regular \nsoftware updates.\n\n * Follow Key Rotation Best Practices: Regularly rotate encryption keys\n according to industry best practices to maintain ongoing security.\n\n\n\n\nPro-Specific Mitigations\n\n\n\n * Share Encryption Keys via QR Code: Utilize QR codes, similar to ATAK, for the secure exchange of encryption keys.\n\n * Secure Broadcasting: When broadcasting, ensure you are in a secured \narea and transmit the key at a reduced power of 0.5 Watts to limit \nexposure.\n\n * Leverage Layered Encryption: Implement layered encryption keys to \nsecurely manage communications, whether interacting with individuals or \nteams.\n\n\n\n\nIf you have any questions please contact prosupport@gotenna.com.\n\n\ngoTenna recommends users follow their secure operating best practices https://support.gotennapro.com/s/article/Secure-Operating"
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- A product's design should require adherance to an appropriate password policy. Specific password requirements depend strongly on contextual factors, but it is recommended to contain the following attributes:
- Depending on the threat model, the password policy may include several additional attributes.
- See NIST 800-63B [REF-1053] for further information on password requirements.
- {'xhtml:li': ['Enforcement of a minimum and maximum length', 'Restrictions against password reuse', 'Restrictions against using common passwords', 'Restrictions against using contextual string in the password (e.g., user id, app name)']}
- {'xhtml:li': [{'xhtml:ul': {'xhtml:li': ['Increasing the range of characters makes the password harder to crack and may be appropriate for systems relying on single factor authentication.', 'Unfortunately, a complex password may be difficult to memorize, encouraging a user to select a short password or to incorrectly manage the password (write it down).', "Another disadvantage of this approach is that it often does not result in a significant increases in overal password complexity due to people's predictable usage of various symbols."]}, '#text': 'Complex passwords requiring mixed character sets (alpha, numeric, special, mixed case)'}, {'xhtml:ul': {'xhtml:li': ['Increasing the number of characters makes the password harder to crack and may be appropriate for systems relying on single factor authentication.', 'A disadvantage of this approach is that selecting a good passphrase is not easy and poor passwords can still be generated. Some prompting may be needed to encourage long un-predictable passwords.']}, '#text': 'Large Minimum Length (encouraging passphrases instead of passwords)'}, {'xhtml:ul': {'xhtml:li': ['Generating a password for the user can help make sure that length and complexity requirements are met, and can result in secure passwords being used.', 'A disadvantage of this approach is that the resulting password or passpharse may be too difficult to memorize, encouraging them to be written down.']}, '#text': 'Randomly Chosen Secrets'}]}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Consider a second authentication factor beyond the password, which prevents the password from being a single point of failure. See CWE-308 for further information.
Mitigation
Implementation
Consider implementing a password complexity meter to inform users when a chosen password meets the required attributes.
Mitigation
Implementation
Previously, "password expiration" was widely advocated as a defense-in-depth approach to minimize the risk of weak passwords, and it has become a common practice. Password expiration requires a password to be changed within a fixed time window (such as every 90 days). However, this approach has significant limitations in the current threat landscape, and its utility has been reduced in light of the adoption of related protection mechanisms (such as password complexity and computational effort), along with the recognition that regular password changes often caused users to generate more predictable passwords. As a result, this is now a Discouraged Common Practice [REF-1488] [REF-1489], especially as the sole factor in protecting passwords. It is still strongly encouraged to force password changes in case of evidence of compromise, but this is not the same as a forced "expiration" on an arbitrary time frame.
CAPEC-112: Brute Force
In this attack, some asset (information, functionality, identity, etc.) is protected by a finite secret value. The attacker attempts to gain access to this asset by using trial-and-error to exhaustively explore all the possible secret values in the hope of finding the secret (or a value that is functionally equivalent) that will unlock the asset.
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-55: Rainbow Table Password Cracking
An attacker gets access to the database table where hashes of passwords are stored. They then use a rainbow table of pre-computed hash chains to attempt to look up the original password. Once the original password corresponding to the hash is obtained, the attacker uses the original password to gain access to the system.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.