CWE-494
AllowedDownload of Code Without Integrity Check
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product downloads source code or an executable from a remote location and executes the code without sufficiently verifying the origin and integrity of the code.
292 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WG6R-FV2H-H7XM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2024-09-16 18:31An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Product Update feature of Bitdefender Endpoint Security Tools for Linux allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to abuse the DownloadFile function of the Product Update to achieve remote code execution. This issue affects: Bitdefender Endpoint Security Tools for Linux versions prior to 6.2.21.155.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3485"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-24T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the Product Update feature of Bitdefender Endpoint Security Tools for Linux allows a man-in-the-middle attacker to abuse the DownloadFile function of the Product Update to achieve remote code execution. This issue affects: Bitdefender Endpoint Security Tools for Linux versions prior to 6.2.21.155.",
"id": "GHSA-wg6r-fv2h-h7xm",
"modified": "2024-09-16T18:31:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:03:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3485"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2021-0014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bitdefender.com/support/security-advisories/improper-input-validation-in-bitdefender-endpoint-security-tools-for-linux-va-9769"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WH3W-C78X-9663
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-17 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-11 00:31Anviz CX2 Lite and CX7 are vulnerable to unverified update packages that can be uploaded. The device unpacks and executes a script resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40066"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-17T20:16:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Anviz\u00a0CX2 Lite and CX7\u00a0are vulnerable to unverified update packages that can be uploaded. The \ndevice unpacks and executes a script resulting in unauthenticated remote\n code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-wh3w-c78x-9663",
"modified": "2026-07-11T00:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-04-17T21:31:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/CSAF/blob/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2026/icsa-26-106-03.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.anviz.com/contact-us.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-106-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHV3-47VH-QHWP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 18:33 – Updated: 2026-05-21 18:33The ConnectWise Automate™ Agent does not fully verify the authenticity of components obtained during plugin loading and self-update operations. This issue is addressed in Automate 2026.5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T16:16:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The ConnectWise Automate\u2122 Agent does not fully verify the authenticity of components obtained during plugin loading and self-update operations. This issue is addressed in Automate 2026.5.",
"id": "GHSA-whv3-47vh-qhwp",
"modified": "2026-05-21T18:33:09Z",
"published": "2026-05-21T18:33:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.connectwise.com/company/trust/security-bulletins/2026-05-21-connectwise-automate-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WR4M-F8Q9-97Q2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-30 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-03 21:30NiceHash QuickMiner 6.12.0 perform software updates over HTTP without validating digital signatures or hash checks. An attacker capable of intercepting or redirecting traffic to the update url and can hijack the update process and deliver arbitrary executables that are automatically executed, resulting in full remote code execution. This constitutes a critical supply chain attack vector.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-56513"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-30T18:15:50Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "NiceHash QuickMiner 6.12.0 perform software updates over HTTP without validating digital signatures or hash checks. An attacker capable of intercepting or redirecting traffic to the update url and can hijack the update process and deliver arbitrary executables that are automatically executed, resulting in full remote code execution. This constitutes a critical supply chain attack vector.",
"id": "GHSA-wr4m-f8q9-97q2",
"modified": "2025-10-03T21:30:56Z",
"published": "2025-09-30T18:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-56513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@princep49036142/hijacking-the-miner-how-nicehashminers-auto-update-pipeline-enables-zero-click-rce-ed6a36b6769b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@princep49036142/hijacking-the-miner-zero-click-rce-in-nicehash-quickminer-cve-2025-56513-4a7190295e6c"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WRG7-24RR-RGCQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.4, Security Update 2021-003 Catalina, Security Update 2021-004 Mojave. A malicious application may bypass Gatekeeper checks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30669"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.4, Security Update 2021-003 Catalina, Security Update 2021-004 Mojave. A malicious application may bypass Gatekeeper checks.",
"id": "GHSA-wrg7-24rr-rgcq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212531"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WRW9-R95R-FM43
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-05 12:30 – Updated: 2023-12-05 12:30Multiple data integrity vulnerabilities exist in the package hash checking functionality of Buildroot 2023.08.1 and Buildroot dev commit 622698d7847. A specially crafted man-in-the-middle attack can lead to arbitrary command execution in the builder.This vulnerability is related to the riscv64-elf-toolchain package.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45840"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-05T12:15:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple data integrity vulnerabilities exist in the package hash checking functionality of Buildroot 2023.08.1 and Buildroot dev commit 622698d7847. A specially crafted man-in-the-middle attack can lead to arbitrary command execution in the builder.This vulnerability is related to the `riscv64-elf-toolchain` package.",
"id": "GHSA-wrw9-r95r-fm43",
"modified": "2023-12-05T12:30:45Z",
"published": "2023-12-05T12:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1844"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/11/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WXH7-2JP7-RWW4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:14Download of code without integrity check vulnerability in ActiveX control of Younglimwon Co., Ltd allows the attacker to cause a arbitrary file download and execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-7873"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-09T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Download of code without integrity check vulnerability in ActiveX control of Younglimwon Co., Ltd allows the attacker to cause a arbitrary file download and execution.",
"id": "GHSA-wxh7-2jp7-rww4",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:14:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.boho.or.kr/krcert/secNoticeView.do?bulletin_writing_sequence=36233"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X6VC-6HX9-WX4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13This issue was addressed with improved handling of file metadata. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.3. A malicious application may bypass Gatekeeper checks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30658"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This issue was addressed with improved handling of file metadata. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.3. A malicious application may bypass Gatekeeper checks.",
"id": "GHSA-x6vc-6hx9-wx4j",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212325"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X722-2G4P-H46C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-11 21:31 – Updated: 2025-09-11 21:31A potential vulnerability was reported in the Lenovo Wallpaper Client that could allow arbitrary code execution under certain conditions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9319"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-11T19:15:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A potential vulnerability was reported in the Lenovo Wallpaper Client that could allow arbitrary code execution under certain conditions.",
"id": "GHSA-x722-2g4p-h46c",
"modified": "2025-09-11T21:31:55Z",
"published": "2025-09-11T21:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9319"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://iknow.lenovo.com.cn/detail/431733"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XC62-VV2Q-247G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:58 – Updated: 2024-02-08 15:30The PartyGaming PartyPoker client program 121/120 does not properly verify the authenticity of updates, which allows remote man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary code via a Trojan horse update.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-3324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-494",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-08-18T17:41:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The PartyGaming PartyPoker client program 121/120 does not properly verify the authenticity of updates, which allows remote man-in-the-middle attackers to execute arbitrary code via a Trojan horse update.",
"id": "GHSA-xc62-vv2q-247g",
"modified": "2024-02-08T15:30:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:58:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-3324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/44477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2008/Aug/0302.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/495724/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/30693"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-42
Perform proper forward and reverse DNS lookups to detect DNS spoofing.
Mitigation
- Encrypt the code with a reliable encryption scheme before transmitting.
- This will only be a partial solution, since it will not detect DNS spoofing and it will not prevent your code from being modified on the hosting site.
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Speficially, it may be helpful to use tools or frameworks to perform integrity checking on the transmitted code.
- When providing the code that is to be downloaded, such as for automatic updates of the software, then use cryptographic signatures for the code and modify the download clients to verify the signatures. Ensure that the implementation does not contain CWE-295, CWE-320, CWE-347, and related weaknesses.
- Use code signing technologies such as Authenticode. See references [REF-454] [REF-455] [REF-456].
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-184: Software Integrity Attack
An attacker initiates a series of events designed to cause a user, program, server, or device to perform actions which undermine the integrity of software code, device data structures, or device firmware, achieving the modification of the target's integrity to achieve an insecure state.
CAPEC-185: Malicious Software Download
An attacker uses deceptive methods to cause a user or an automated process to download and install dangerous code that originates from an attacker controlled source. There are several variations to this strategy of attack.
CAPEC-186: Malicious Software Update
An adversary uses deceptive methods to cause a user or an automated process to download and install dangerous code believed to be a valid update that originates from an adversary controlled source.
CAPEC-187: Malicious Automated Software Update via Redirection
An attacker exploits two layers of weaknesses in server or client software for automated update mechanisms to undermine the integrity of the target code-base. The first weakness involves a failure to properly authenticate a server as a source of update or patch content. This type of weakness typically results from authentication mechanisms which can be defeated, allowing a hostile server to satisfy the criteria that establish a trust relationship. The second weakness is a systemic failure to validate the identity and integrity of code downloaded from a remote location, hence the inability to distinguish malicious code from a legitimate update.
CAPEC-533: Malicious Manual Software Update
An attacker introduces malicious code to the victim's system by altering the payload of a software update, allowing for additional compromise or site disruption at the victim location. These manual, or user-assisted attacks, vary from requiring the user to download and run an executable, to as streamlined as tricking the user to click a URL. Attacks which aim at penetrating a specific network infrastructure often rely upon secondary attack methods to achieve the desired impact. Spamming, for example, is a common method employed as an secondary attack vector. Thus the attacker has in their arsenal a choice of initial attack vectors ranging from traditional SMTP/POP/IMAP spamming and its varieties, to web-application mechanisms which commonly implement both chat and rich HTML messaging within the user interface.
CAPEC-538: Open-Source Library Manipulation
Adversaries implant malicious code in open source software (OSS) libraries to have it widely distributed, as OSS is commonly downloaded by developers and other users to incorporate into software development projects. The adversary can have a particular system in mind to target, or the implantation can be the first stage of follow-on attacks on many systems.
CAPEC-657: Malicious Automated Software Update via Spoofing
An attackers uses identify or content spoofing to trick a client into performing an automated software update from a malicious source. A malicious automated software update that leverages spoofing can include content or identity spoofing as well as protocol spoofing. Content or identity spoofing attacks can trigger updates in software by embedding scripted mechanisms within a malicious web page, which masquerades as a legitimate update source. Scripting mechanisms communicate with software components and trigger updates from locations specified by the attackers' server. The result is the client believing there is a legitimate software update available but instead downloading a malicious update from the attacker.
CAPEC-662: Adversary in the Browser (AiTB)
An adversary exploits security vulnerabilities or inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to manipulate traffic between two endpoints.
CAPEC-691: Spoof Open-Source Software Metadata
An adversary spoofs open-source software metadata in an attempt to masquerade malicious software as popular, maintained, and trusted.
CAPEC-692: Spoof Version Control System Commit Metadata
An adversary spoofs metadata pertaining to a Version Control System (VCS) (e.g., Git) repository's commits to deceive users into believing that the maliciously provided software is frequently maintained and originates from a trusted source.
CAPEC-693: StarJacking
An adversary spoofs software popularity metadata to deceive users into believing that a maliciously provided package is widely used and originates from a trusted source.
CAPEC-695: Repo Jacking
An adversary takes advantage of the redirect property of directly linked Version Control System (VCS) repositories to trick users into incorporating malicious code into their applications.