CWE-451
Allowed-with-ReviewUser Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The user interface (UI) does not properly represent critical information to the user, allowing the information - or its source - to be obscured or spoofed. This is often a component in phishing attacks.
440 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H5VQ-QFCG-4M6P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 20:04 – Updated: 2026-05-27 20:04Description
Symfony\Component\HtmlSanitizer\TextSanitizer\UrlSanitizer::parse() (used by UrlSanitizer::sanitize() and therefore by every HtmlSanitizer config that allows links or media) accepts URLs that contain Unicode explicit-direction BiDi formatting characters: U+202A–U+202E (LRE / RLE / PDF / LRO / RLO) and U+2066–U+2069 (LRI / RLI / FSI / PDI). These characters are passed through unchanged into the href / src attributes produced by HtmlSanitizer. When the resulting HTML is rendered in a browser, the override characters reverse or alter the visual ordering of the URL text, so the displayed link can differ arbitrarily from the actual destination: a classic visual-spoofing / phishing primitive against viewers of sanitized content.
Resolution
UrlSanitizer::parse() now rejects URLs containing the explicit-direction BiDi formatting code points (U+202A–U+202E, U+2066–U+2069) before invoking the underlying URL parser. As an unrelated companion fix in the same patch, spaces inside path/query/fragment are now percent-encoded rather than rejected outright, while spaces in the scheme/authority remain rejected by the post-encoding whitespace check.
The patch for this issue is available here for branch 5.4.
Credits
Symfony would like to thank Himanshu Anand for reporting the issue and Nicolas Grekas for providing the fix.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/html-sanitizer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.4.40"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/html-sanitizer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.4.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/html-sanitizer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.4.40"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.4.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "symfony/symfony"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45064"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1007",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-27T20:04:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Description\n\n`Symfony\\Component\\HtmlSanitizer\\TextSanitizer\\UrlSanitizer::parse()` (used by `UrlSanitizer::sanitize()` and therefore by every `HtmlSanitizer` config that allows links or media) accepts URLs that contain Unicode explicit-direction BiDi formatting characters: U+202A\u2013U+202E (LRE / RLE / PDF / LRO / RLO) and U+2066\u2013U+2069 (LRI / RLI / FSI / PDI). These characters are passed through unchanged into the `href` / `src` attributes produced by `HtmlSanitizer`. When the resulting HTML is rendered in a browser, the override characters reverse or alter the visual ordering of the URL text, so the displayed link can differ arbitrarily from the actual destination: a classic visual-spoofing / phishing primitive against viewers of sanitized content.\n\n### Resolution\n\n`UrlSanitizer::parse()` now rejects URLs containing the explicit-direction BiDi formatting code points (U+202A\u2013U+202E, U+2066\u2013U+2069) before invoking the underlying URL parser. As an unrelated companion fix in the same patch, spaces inside path/query/fragment are now percent-encoded rather than rejected outright, while spaces in the scheme/authority remain rejected by the post-encoding whitespace check.\n\nThe patch for this issue is available [here](https://github.com/symfony/symfony/commit/743a435e948b897ef2b5564ac438d4beb95d2526) for branch 5.4.\n\n### Credits\n\nSymfony would like to thank Himanshu Anand for reporting the issue and Nicolas Grekas for providing the fix.",
"id": "GHSA-h5vq-qfcg-4m6p",
"modified": "2026-05-27T20:04:22Z",
"published": "2026-05-27T20:04:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony/security/advisories/GHSA-h5vq-qfcg-4m6p"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony/commit/743a435e948b897ef2b5564ac438d4beb95d2526"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/html-sanitizer/CVE-2026-45064.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/symfony/symfony/CVE-2026-45064.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/symfony/symfony"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://symfony.com/cve-2026-45064"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Symfony\u0027s HtmlSanitizer URL Attributes Pass Through BiDi Override Characters \u2192 Visual href Spoofing"
}
GHSA-H66V-GCX5-5FHW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-15 09:31 – Updated: 2025-12-15 09:31The in-app browser in LINE client for iOS versions prior to 14.14 is vulnerable to address bar spoofing, which could allow attackers to execute malicious JavaScript within iframes while displaying trusted URLs, enabling phishing attacks through overlaid malicious content.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14021"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-15T07:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The in-app browser in LINE client for iOS versions prior to 14.14 is vulnerable to address bar spoofing, which could allow attackers to execute malicious JavaScript within iframes while displaying trusted URLs, enabling phishing attacks through overlaid malicious content.",
"id": "GHSA-h66v-gcx5-5fhw",
"modified": "2025-12-15T09:31:28Z",
"published": "2025-12-15T09:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14021"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2548498"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H6CM-PCWJ-HJ57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-09 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-13 21:30Incorrect security UI in Fullscreen in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5882"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-08T22:16:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect security UI in Fullscreen in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.55 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-h6cm-pcwj-hj57",
"modified": "2026-04-13T21:30:37Z",
"published": "2026-04-09T00:31:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5882"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/480993682"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H865-62XX-M869
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Incorrect security UI in Passwords in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14143"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect security UI in Passwords in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-h865-62xx-m869",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514075028"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H89P-5896-F4Q8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-18 18:32 – Updated: 2025-11-18 21:40User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information vulnerability in Drupal Drupal core allows Content Spoofing. This issue affects Drupal core: from 8.0.0 before 10.4.9, from 10.5.0 before 10.5.6, from 11.0.0 before 11.1.9, from 11.2.0 before 11.2.8.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "drupal/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.4.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "drupal/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "10.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.5.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "drupal/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "11.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "11.1.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "drupal/core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "11.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "11.2.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13082"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-18T21:40:22Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-18T17:15:59Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information vulnerability in Drupal Drupal core allows Content Spoofing. This issue affects Drupal core: from 8.0.0 before 10.4.9, from 10.5.0 before 10.5.6, from 11.0.0 before 11.1.9, from 11.2.0 before 11.2.8.",
"id": "GHSA-h89p-5896-f4q8",
"modified": "2025-11-18T21:40:22Z",
"published": "2025-11-18T18:32:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13082"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/drupal/core"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.drupal.org/sa-core-2025-007"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Drupal core allows Content Spoofing"
}
GHSA-H95Q-CHXX-CXJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-30 03:31 – Updated: 2026-07-30 21:31Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Payments in Google Chrome on Android prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-17747"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-30T01:16:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient validation of untrusted input in Payments in Google Chrome on Android prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-h95q-chxx-cxjm",
"modified": "2026-07-30T21:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-07-30T03:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-17747"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0887107924.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/500472958"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HC7X-R5QJ-59QM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-30 03:31 – Updated: 2026-07-30 21:31Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome on Android prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-17980"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-30T01:17:02Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome on Android prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-hc7x-r5qj-59qm",
"modified": "2026-07-30T21:31:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-30T03:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-17980"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0887107924.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/519710361"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HCJH-QFP6-29C4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-15 00:30Inappropriate implementation in Downloads in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to perform UI spoofing via a crafted Chrome Extension. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8565"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T20:17:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Downloads in Google Chrome on Mac prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to perform UI spoofing via a crafted Chrome Extension. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-hcjh-qfp6-29c4",
"modified": "2026-05-15T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T21:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8565"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_12.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/442860473"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HG2Q-W8GQ-JMF7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 18:30User interface (ui) misrepresentation of critical information in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42891"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T18:17:26Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "User interface (ui) misrepresentation of critical information in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-hg2q-w8gq-jmf7",
"modified": "2026-05-12T18:30:47Z",
"published": "2026-05-12T18:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-42891"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HG9F-GRCM-5FP2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 21:31An inconsistent user interface issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.3 and iPadOS 18.7.3, iOS 26.2 and iPadOS 26.2. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46311"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T18:16:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An inconsistent user interface issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.7.3 and iPadOS 18.7.3, iOS 26.2 and iPadOS 26.2. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.",
"id": "GHSA-hg9f-grcm-5fp2",
"modified": "2026-05-12T21:31:33Z",
"published": "2026-05-12T18:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46311"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125884"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Perform data validation (e.g. syntax, length, etc.) before interpreting the data.
Mitigation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Create a strategy for presenting information, and plan for how to display unusual characters.
CAPEC-154: Resource Location Spoofing
An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
CAPEC-163: Spear Phishing
An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-164: Mobile Phishing
An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-173: Action Spoofing
An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
CAPEC-98: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.