CWE-425
AllowedDirect Request ('Forced Browsing')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted URLs, scripts, or files.
269 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VRC8-Q26C-67P3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 12:32 – Updated: 2026-06-15 12:32The Wertheim SafeController Software, AssemblyVersion 6.15.8328.28014, exposes web-accessible file paths that are not protected by an authorization scheme. An unauthenticated attacker can directly access HTTP endpoints to download files from locations such as /Resources/CompanyId_[ID]/Audio/ and /SafeData/.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34028"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T12:16:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Wertheim SafeController Software, AssemblyVersion 6.15.8328.28014, exposes web-accessible file paths that are not protected by an authorization scheme. An unauthenticated attacker can directly access HTTP endpoints to download files from locations such as /Resources/CompanyId_[ID]/Audio/ and /SafeData/.",
"id": "GHSA-vrc8-q26c-67p3",
"modified": "2026-06-15T12:32:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-15T12:32:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34028"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://r.sec-consult.com/wertheim"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wertheim-safes.com/safe-deposit-box-management"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-VWQX-9G89-X938
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-23 09:32 – Updated: 2026-06-23 09:32An high privileged remote attacker can access a hidden configuration method, that should not be accessible by any user, to modify critical program parameters. This can result in a total loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-10521"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T08:16:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An high privileged remote attacker can access a hidden configuration method, that should not be accessible by any user, to modify critical program parameters. This can result in a total loss of confidentiality, integrity and availability.",
"id": "GHSA-vwqx-9g89-x938",
"modified": "2026-06-23T09:32:23Z",
"published": "2026-06-23T09:32:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.certvde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2026-068"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-W5X3-HP8J-7GH2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:17 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:17A vulnerability in the spam quarantine of Cisco Email Security Appliance and Cisco Content Security Management Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to download any message from the spam quarantine by modifying browser string information. The vulnerability is due to a lack of verification of authenticated user accounts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying browser strings to see messages submitted by other users to the spam quarantine within their company. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg39759, CSCvg42295.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-0140"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-08T07:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the spam quarantine of Cisco Email Security Appliance and Cisco Content Security Management Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to download any message from the spam quarantine by modifying browser string information. The vulnerability is due to a lack of verification of authenticated user accounts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying browser strings to see messages submitted by other users to the spam quarantine within their company. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg39759, CSCvg42295.",
"id": "GHSA-w5x3-hp8j-7gh2",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:17:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:17:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-0140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20180207-esacsm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/103090"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040338"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040339"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W772-882M-XX33
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-15 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-20 00:00A Direct Object Access vulnerability in SmarterTools SmarterTrack leads to information disclosure This issue affects: SmarterTools SmarterTrack 100.0.8019.14010.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24385"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-14T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Direct Object Access vulnerability in SmarterTools SmarterTrack leads to information disclosure This issue affects: SmarterTools SmarterTrack 100.0.8019.14010.",
"id": "GHSA-w772-882m-xx33",
"modified": "2022-03-20T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-03-15T00:01:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2022-24385"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2021-00029"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W8FQ-XGVH-CXC2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-23 14:41 – Updated: 2024-05-23 14:41A number of form actions in the Forum module are directly accessible. A malicious user (e.g. spammer) can use GET requests to create Members and post to forums, bypassing CSRF and anti-spam measures.
Additionally, a forum moderator could be tricked into clicking a specially crafted URL, resulting in a topic being moved.
Thanks to Michael Strong for discovering.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.6.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "silverstripe/forum"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.6.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.7.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "silverstripe/forum"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.7.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352",
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-23T14:41:16Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A number of form actions in the Forum module are directly accessible. A malicious user (e.g. spammer) can use GET requests to create Members and post to forums, bypassing CSRF and anti-spam measures.\n\nAdditionally, a forum moderator could be tricked into clicking a specially crafted URL, resulting in a topic being moved.\n\nThanks to Michael Strong for discovering.",
"id": "GHSA-w8fq-xgvh-cxc2",
"modified": "2024-05-23T14:41:16Z",
"published": "2024-05-23T14:41:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/silverstripe-archive/silverstripe-forum/commit/0ec7c92785f36c8edf4a11c36a4fc27e0c40cee6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/silverstripe-archive/silverstripe-forum/commit/efe09f95ccdb0138ce5bd3d3a21b3d9e97038dd8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/silverstripe/forum/SS-2015-017-1.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/silverstripe-archive/silverstripe-forum"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.silverstripe.org/software/download/security-releases/ss-2015-017"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Silverstripe Forum Module CSRF Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-W8PP-8GQF-CHFF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-27 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-21 18:32Contec FXA3200 version 1.13.00 and under suffers from Insecure Permissions in the Wireless LAN Manager interface which allows malicious actors to execute Linux commands with root privilege via a hidden web page (/usr/www/ja/mnt_cmd.cgi).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36158"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-26T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Contec FXA3200 version 1.13.00 and under suffers from Insecure Permissions in the Wireless LAN Manager interface which allows malicious actors to execute Linux commands with root privilege via a hidden web page (/usr/www/ja/mnt_cmd.cgi).",
"id": "GHSA-w8pp-8gqf-chff",
"modified": "2025-05-21T18:32:58Z",
"published": "2022-09-27T00:00:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Nwqda/aac33d1936d2b514a3268f145345abb4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU98305100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://samy.link/blog/contec-flexlan-fxa2000-and-fxa3000-series-vulnerability-repo"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.contec.com/products-services/computer-networking/flexlan-fx/fx-accesspoint/fxa3200/feature/#section"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WG4P-5GHF-R8W7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-10 06:30 – Updated: 2024-11-10 06:30A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in ZKTeco ZKBio Time 9.0.1. Affected is an unknown function of the file /auth_files/photo/ of the component Image File Handler. The manipulation leads to direct request. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11049"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-10T06:15:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in ZKTeco ZKBio Time 9.0.1. Affected is an unknown function of the file /auth_files/photo/ of the component Image File Handler. The manipulation leads to direct request. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-wg4p-5ghf-r8w7",
"modified": "2024-11-10T06:30:44Z",
"published": "2024-11-10T06:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/whiteman007/f7a85252fed91deff6eb3f20596710b0/raw/b7c8a7f53d3316cfd2da1cae9bcf583d923860b7/biotime%25209.0.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.283662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.283662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.435034"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WQ45-C8XJ-98WJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 02:00 – Updated: 2022-05-01 02:00Hosting Controller 6.1 Hotfix 1.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to register arbitrary users via a direct request to addsubsite.asp with the loginname and password parameters set.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2005-1654"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2005-05-18T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Hosting Controller 6.1 Hotfix 1.9 and earlier allows remote attackers to register arbitrary users via a direct request to addsubsite.asp with the loginname and password parameters set.",
"id": "GHSA-wq45-c8xj-98wj",
"modified": "2022-05-01T02:00:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T02:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2005-1654"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://isun.shabgard.org/hc3.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/15271"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WV3J-J89Q-MVH8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-11 18:31 – Updated: 2025-04-11 18:31The Oz Forensics face recognition application before 4.0.8 late 2023 allows PII retrieval via /statistic/list Insecure Direct Object Reference. NOTE: the number 4.0.8 was used for both the unpatched and patched versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-32367"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-11T17:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Oz Forensics face recognition application before 4.0.8 late 2023 allows PII retrieval via /statistic/list Insecure Direct Object Reference. NOTE: the number 4.0.8 was used for both the unpatched and patched versions.",
"id": "GHSA-wv3j-j89q-mvh8",
"modified": "2025-04-11T18:31:08Z",
"published": "2025-04-11T18:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32367"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@antonsimonyan7/idor-in-oz-forensics-face-recognition-application-cve-2025-32367-53684ee312ea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ozforensics.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WV84-FC78-M2QM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-17 18:31 – Updated: 2025-12-17 18:31Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-26381"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-425"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-17T17:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-wv84-fc78-m2qm",
"modified": "2025-12-17T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2025-12-17T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-26381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-338-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tyco.widen.net/view/pdf/xmejieec4b/JCI-PSA-2025-05.pdf?t.download=true\u0026u=aiurfs"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Apply appropriate access control authorizations for each access to all restricted URLs, scripts or files.
Mitigation
Consider using MVC based frameworks such as Struts.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-143: Detect Unpublicized Web Pages
An adversary searches a targeted web site for web pages that have not been publicized. In doing this, the adversary may be able to gain access to information that the targeted site did not intend to make public.
CAPEC-144: Detect Unpublicized Web Services
An adversary searches a targeted web site for web services that have not been publicized. This attack can be especially dangerous since unpublished but available services may not have adequate security controls placed upon them given that an administrator may believe they are unreachable.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.