CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14188 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5P8C-8G3R-93FC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:14The Comment Link Remove and Other Comment Tools WordPress plugin before 2.1.6 does not have CSRF check in its 'Delete comments easily', which could allow attackers to make logged in admin delete arbitrary comments
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-24725"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-13T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Comment Link Remove and Other Comment Tools WordPress plugin before 2.1.6 does not have CSRF check in its \u0027Delete comments easily\u0027, which could allow attackers to make logged in admin delete arbitrary comments",
"id": "GHSA-5p8c-8g3r-93fc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:14:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-24725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/01483284-57f5-4ae9-b5f1-ae26b623571f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.trustwave.com/en-us/resources/security-resources/security-advisories/?fid=29225"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5PCF-VXM3-FRPH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-16 00:01 – Updated: 2022-12-01 22:24Checkmarx Plugin 2022.1.2 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.
This allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to connect to an attacker-specified webserver using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.
Additionally, these HTTP endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.checkmarx.jenkins:checkmarx"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2022.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-25200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-01T22:24:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-15T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Checkmarx Plugin 2022.1.2 and earlier does not perform permission checks in several HTTP endpoints.\n\nThis allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to connect to an attacker-specified webserver using attacker-specified credentials IDs obtained through another method, capturing credentials stored in Jenkins.\n\nAdditionally, these HTTP endpoints do not require POST requests, resulting in a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-5pcf-vxm3-frph",
"modified": "2022-12-01T22:24:53Z",
"published": "2022-02-16T00:01:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-25200"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/checkmarx-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/checkmarx-plugin/releases/tag/Release_2022.1.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-02-15/#SECURITY-1017"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/15/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "CSRF vulnerability in Jenkins Checkmarx Plugin allow capturing credentials"
}
GHSA-5PFM-2F8X-8QMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:12 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:12Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in ZTE ZXDSL 831CII allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that disable modem lan ports via the (1) enblftp, (2) enblhttp, (3) enblsnmp, (4) enbltelnet, (5) enbltftp, (6) enblicmp, or (7) enblssh parameter to accesslocal.cmd.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-9027"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-11-20T17:50:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in ZTE ZXDSL 831CII allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of administrators for requests that disable modem lan ports via the (1) enblftp, (2) enblhttp, (3) enblsnmp, (4) enbltelnet, (5) enbltftp, (6) enblicmp, or (7) enblssh parameter to accesslocal.cmd.",
"id": "GHSA-5pfm-2f8x-8qmj",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:12:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:12:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-9027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/98590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/129041"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5PFV-82JM-4J3F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-07 00:00Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) leading to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Shea Bunge's Footer Text plugin <= 2.0.3 on WordPress.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-27860"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-28T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) leading to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Shea Bunge\u0027s Footer Text plugin \u003c= 2.0.3 on WordPress.",
"id": "GHSA-5pfv-82jm-4j3f",
"modified": "2022-05-07T00:00:53Z",
"published": "2022-04-29T00:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27860"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/footer-text/wordpress-footer-text-plugin-2-0-3-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-leading-to-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/footer-text"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PGF-P3GV-4W62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-18 06:35 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33The Reset plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.6. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the reset_db_page() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to reset several tables in the database like comments, themes, plugins, and more via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13684"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-18T05:15:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Reset plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.6. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the reset_db_page() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to reset several tables in the database like comments, themes, plugins, and more via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-5pgf-p3gv-4w62",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:48Z",
"published": "2025-02-18T06:35:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13684"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/reset/tags/1.6/delete_comments.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3243886%40reset\u0026new=3243886%40reset\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/2335533d-c38a-450c-9fa1-0e236b5e92e6?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PGP-Q8PQ-W37H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-16 12:33 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:40Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Anurag Deshmukh CPT Shortcode Generator plugin <= 1.0 versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45643"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-16T10:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Anurag Deshmukh CPT Shortcode Generator plugin \u003c=\u00a01.0 versions.",
"id": "GHSA-5pgp-q8pq-w37h",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:40:25Z",
"published": "2023-10-16T12:33:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45643"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/cpt-shortcode/wordpress-cpt-shortcode-generator-plugin-1-0-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PJJ-CVFP-X5M8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:43 – Updated: 2025-04-09 04:14Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the RSS module in vtiger CRM 5.0.4 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of Admin users for requests that modify the news feed system via the rssurl parameter in a Save action to index.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-3248"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-09-18T20:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in the RSS module in vtiger CRM 5.0.4 allows remote attackers to hijack the authentication of Admin users for requests that modify the news feed system via the rssurl parameter in a Save action to index.php.",
"id": "GHSA-5pjj-cvfp-x5m8",
"modified": "2025-04-09T04:14:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:43:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-3248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=125060676515670\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/36309"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9450"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/57238"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/36062"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ush.it/2009/08/18/vtiger-crm-504-multiple-vulnerabilities"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ush.it/team/ush/hack-vtigercrm_504/vtigercrm_504.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/2319"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-5PM7-CP8F-P2C2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-09 13:09 – Updated: 2025-04-09 13:09Impact
wallabag versions prior to 2.6.11 were discovered to contain multiple Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities across several endpoints. An attacker could craft a malicious link or page that, if visited by a logged-in wallabag user, could trick the user's browser into performing unintended actions within their wallabag account without their consent. Additionally, one endpoint affects the login page locale setting.
The affected endpoints allow attackers to potentially perform actions such as:
- Manage API Tokens:
/generate-token/revoke-token
- Manage User Rules:
/tagging-rule/delete/{taggingRule}/ignore-origin-user-rule/delete/{ignoreOriginUserRule}
- Modify User Configuration:
/config/view-mode
- Manage Individual Entries:
/reload/{id}/archive/{id}/star/{id}/delete/{id}/share/{id}/share/delete/{id}
- Manage Tags:
/remove-tag/{entry}/{tag}/tag/search/{filter}/tag/delete/{slug}
- Perform Bulk Actions:
/mass
- Change Interface Language (Login Page):
/locale/{language}
Successfully exploiting these vulnerabilities could lead to unauthorized modification or deletion of user data, configuration changes, token manipulation, or interface changes, depending on the specific endpoint targeted.
This set of vulnerabilities has an aggregated CVSS v3.1 score of 4.3 (Medium).
Users are strongly advised to upgrade their wallabag instance to version 2.6.11 or later to mitigate these vulnerabilities.
Resolution
These vulnerabilities have been addressed in wallabag version 2.6.11. The affected endpoints have been modified to require the HTTP POST method along with a valid CSRF token for state-changing actions, preventing attackers from forcing users' browsers to perform these actions unintentionally.
Credits
Found, reported and fixed by @yguedidi
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "wallabag/wallabag"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.6.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-04-09T13:09:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Impact\n\nwallabag versions prior to 2.6.11 were discovered to contain multiple Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities across several endpoints. An attacker could craft a malicious link or page that, if visited by a logged-in wallabag user, could trick the user\u0027s browser into performing unintended actions within their wallabag account without their consent. Additionally, one endpoint affects the login page locale setting.\n\nThe affected endpoints allow attackers to potentially perform actions such as:\n\n* **Manage API Tokens:**\n * `/generate-token`\n * `/revoke-token`\n* **Manage User Rules:**\n * `/tagging-rule/delete/{taggingRule}`\n * `/ignore-origin-user-rule/delete/{ignoreOriginUserRule}`\n* **Modify User Configuration:**\n * `/config/view-mode`\n* **Manage Individual Entries:**\n * `/reload/{id}`\n * `/archive/{id}`\n * `/star/{id}`\n * `/delete/{id}`\n * `/share/{id}`\n * `/share/delete/{id}`\n* **Manage Tags:**\n * `/remove-tag/{entry}/{tag}`\n * `/tag/search/{filter}`\n * `/tag/delete/{slug}`\n* **Perform Bulk Actions:**\n * `/mass`\n* **Change Interface Language (Login Page):**\n * `/locale/{language}`\n\nSuccessfully exploiting these vulnerabilities could lead to unauthorized modification or deletion of user data, configuration changes, token manipulation, or interface changes, depending on the specific endpoint targeted.\n\nThis set of vulnerabilities has an aggregated CVSS v3.1 score of 4.3 (Medium).\n\n**Users are strongly advised to upgrade their wallabag instance to version 2.6.11 or later to mitigate these vulnerabilities.**\n\n## Resolution\n\nThese vulnerabilities have been addressed in wallabag version **2.6.11**. The affected endpoints have been modified to require the HTTP POST method along with a valid CSRF token for state-changing actions, preventing attackers from forcing users\u0027 browsers to perform these actions unintentionally.\n\n## Credits\n\nFound, reported and fixed by @yguedidi",
"id": "GHSA-5pm7-cp8f-p2c2",
"modified": "2025-04-09T13:09:26Z",
"published": "2025-04-09T13:09:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/security/advisories/GHSA-5pm7-cp8f-p2c2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/edffef837598355c9bec433c469f1e04c35b27cb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/ed1acf59e166a2a6bb81c52baaeabd6196feae98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/eb8408b22fbaa6b3d78047d6203b23b7f52bbf03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/e162408139ac9bb12e69f4d49de45ade49369c21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/ddf2e808422e41ea55cebf2aa12eb1823c5c340a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/d703fa6a3a75f7c3b433e8caf618bfb0a9a0ba63"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/d1e128900acc0cb8c88eb7a085c9ef5420cf0c43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/cf49be694089667bbab9f10d52862fbdba9a89de"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/ac5b5fb379233d6e96ea14ae21b7f88761d5fa3f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/99c8a06594d6ee7480ce4d041ccff3025b353656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/6fa61c0f9c48d37625c92a8913b487230761fb47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/677b2986bc78df4c7ecfed87a24593fa0553fd3c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/5ea5115a721651f2af349e8451be8947dad9c814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/3817010e29ed368df271cdd11ec71a46a341c673"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/27f0d94db72fb2a54b5965e4e9908a0f418f44b5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/264f91126e2c42188b80848c881264da743b4dc1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/0d8429dfc77b84f50060b253fd84f1c09b892226"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag/commit/00d0e6f951927434039465b4d3ae3dd661911172"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "wallabag/wallabag Has Multiple Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) Vulnerabilities"
}
GHSA-5PM9-4RCQ-46XG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:11 – Updated: 2022-09-03 00:00CSRF in admin/manage-departments.php in Chadha PHPKB Standard Multi-Language 9 allows attackers to delete a department via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10490"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-12T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CSRF in admin/manage-departments.php in Chadha PHPKB Standard Multi-Language 9 allows attackers to delete a department via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-5pm9-4rcq-46xg",
"modified": "2022-09-03T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:11:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10490"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://antoniocannito.it/phpkb3#cross-site-request-forgery-when-deleting-a-department-cve-2020-10490"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://antoniocannito.it/?p=343#csrf13"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5PMR-3QJG-P675
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-15 09:30 – Updated: 2025-04-02 15:30Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in cleverplugins.Com SEO Booster.This issue affects SEO Booster: from n/a through 3.8.9.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32438"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-15T08:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in cleverplugins.Com SEO Booster.This issue affects SEO Booster: from n/a through 3.8.9.",
"id": "GHSA-5pmr-3qjg-p675",
"modified": "2025-04-02T15:30:48Z",
"published": "2024-04-15T09:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32438"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/seo-booster/wordpress-seo-booster-plugin-3-8-9-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.