CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14165 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XH95-J7J4-GHG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 03:31 – Updated: 2026-05-20 03:31The BLOGCHAT Chat System plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.6.3. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on a function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update settings and inject malicious web scripts via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8420"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-20T02:16:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The BLOGCHAT Chat System plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.6.3. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on a function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update settings and inject malicious web scripts via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-xh95-j7j4-ghg2",
"modified": "2026-05-20T03:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-05-20T03:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8420"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/tags/1.3.6.3/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/tags/1.3.6.3/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/tags/1.3.6.3/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/tags/1.3.6.3/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/trunk/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/trunk/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/trunk/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/blogchat-chat-system/trunk/wp-blogchat-widget.php#L293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a62186aa-19aa-445b-8fdc-b029bdafd58f?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHC4-5VJ2-QMPR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:44BageCMS 3.1.3 has CSRF via upload/index.php?r=admini/admin/ownerUpdate to modify a user account.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19560"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-26T07:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "BageCMS 3.1.3 has CSRF via upload/index.php?r=admini/admin/ownerUpdate to modify a user account.",
"id": "GHSA-xhc4-5vj2-qmpr",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:44:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:44:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19560"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bagesoft/bagecms/issues/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHCH-PPC4-W2V4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-21 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-06 18:30Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in PowerPack Addons for Elementor PowerPack Pro for Elementor.This issue affects PowerPack Pro for Elementor: from n/a before 2.10.8.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-24843"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-21T07:15:54Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in PowerPack Addons for Elementor PowerPack Pro for Elementor.This issue affects PowerPack Pro for Elementor: from n/a before 2.10.8.",
"id": "GHSA-xhch-ppc4-w2v4",
"modified": "2025-05-06T18:30:30Z",
"published": "2024-02-21T09:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/powerpack-elements/wordpress-powerpack-pro-for-elementor-plugin-2-10-8-csrf-leading-to-plugin-settings-change-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHCP-WRWF-P86R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-12 09:31 – Updated: 2024-02-12 09:31Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Yannick Lefebvre Link Library.This issue affects Link Library: from n/a through 7.5.13.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-24875"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-12T09:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Yannick Lefebvre Link Library.This issue affects Link Library: from n/a through 7.5.13.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-xhcp-wrwf-p86r",
"modified": "2024-02-12T09:31:27Z",
"published": "2024-02-12T09:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24875"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/link-library/wordpress-link-library-plugin-7-5-13-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHF4-QQF8-2PW6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-29 12:31 – Updated: 2025-07-23 09:30Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in NEC Corporation UNIVERGE IX from Ver9.2 to Ver10.10.21, for Ver10.8 up to Ver10.8.27 and for Ver10.9 up to Ver10.9.14 allows a attacker to hijack the authentication of screens on the device via the management interface.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-29T08:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in NEC Corporation UNIVERGE IX from Ver9.2 to Ver10.10.21, for Ver10.8 up to Ver10.8.27 and for Ver10.9 up to Ver10.9.14 allows a attacker to hijack the authentication of screens on the device via the management interface.",
"id": "GHSA-xhf4-qqf8-2pw6",
"modified": "2025-07-23T09:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-11-29T12:31:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-009_en.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-009_en.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHG2-RVM8-W2JH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-18 15:42 – Updated: 2023-09-18 20:27Rancher 2 through 2.2.4 is vulnerable to a Cross-Site Websocket Hijacking attack that allows an exploiter to gain access to clusters managed by Rancher. The attack requires a victim to be logged into a Rancher server, and then to access a third-party site hosted by the exploiter. Once that is accomplished, the exploiter is able to execute commands against the cluster's Kubernetes API with the permissions and identity of the victim.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.16"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/rancher"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352",
"CWE-79"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-17T16:37:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-04T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Rancher 2 through 2.2.4 is vulnerable to a Cross-Site Websocket Hijacking attack that allows an exploiter to gain access to clusters managed by Rancher. The attack requires a victim to be logged into a Rancher server, and then to access a third-party site hosted by the exploiter. Once that is accomplished, the exploiter is able to execute commands against the cluster\u0027s Kubernetes API with the permissions and identity of the victim.",
"id": "GHSA-xhg2-rvm8-w2jh",
"modified": "2023-09-18T20:27:11Z",
"published": "2021-05-18T15:42:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/0ddffe484adccb9e37d9432e8e625d8ebbfb0088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forums.rancher.com/t/rancher-release-v2-2-5-addresses-rancher-cve-2019-13209/14801"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/rancher"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Rancher Vulnerable to Cross-site Request Forgery (CSRF)"
}
GHSA-XHGR-J9VW-353Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-30 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-30 15:30A vulnerability was determined in Scada-LTS up to 2.7.8.1. This impacts an unknown function. This manipulation causes cross-site request forgery. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13790"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-30T15:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was determined in Scada-LTS up to 2.7.8.1. This impacts an unknown function. This manipulation causes cross-site request forgery. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-xhgr-j9vw-353q",
"modified": "2025-11-30T15:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-11-30T15:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13790"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Xzzz111/exps/blob/main/archives/Scada-LTS-CSRF-1/report.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Xzzz111/exps/blob/main/archives/Scada-LTS-CSRF-1/report.md#proof-of-concept"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.333794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.333794"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.690871"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHM2-M35V-2XW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:31The Restaurant Menu – Food Ordering System – Table Reservation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 2.3.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on several functions called via AJAX actions such as forms_action, set_option, & chosen_options to name a few . This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to perform a variety of administrative actions like modifying forms, via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3776"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-03T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Restaurant Menu \u2013 Food Ordering System \u2013 Table Reservation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in versions up to, and including, 2.3.1. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on several functions called via AJAX actions such as forms_action, set_option, \u0026 chosen_options to name a few . This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to perform a variety of administrative actions like modifying forms, via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-xhm2-m35v-2xw7",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:31:58Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T19:24:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3776"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=2807967%40menu-ordering-reservations\u0026new=2807967%40menu-ordering-reservations\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/67fe46cd-a6c4-4d0a-842a-f61334559731?source=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/vulnerability-advisories-continued/#CVE-2022-3776"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHMF-RVV9-W8MF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:37 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:37Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in WS-Proxy in Eye-Fi 1.1.2 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that modify configuration via a SOAPAction parameter of (1) urn:SetOptions for autostart, (2) urn:SetDesktopSync for file upload, or (3) urn:SetFolderConfig for file download location or modification of authentication credentials; and (4) urn:AddNetwork for adding an arbitrary Service Set Identifier (SSID) to hijack the image upload.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-7139"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-09-01T16:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities in WS-Proxy in Eye-Fi 1.1.2 allow remote attackers to hijack the authentication of users for requests that modify configuration via a SOAPAction parameter of (1) urn:SetOptions for autostart, (2) urn:SetDesktopSync for file upload, or (3) urn:SetFolderConfig for file download location or modification of authentication credentials; and (4) urn:AddNetwork for adding an arbitrary Service Set Identifier (SSID) to hijack the image upload.",
"id": "GHSA-xhmf-rvv9-w8mf",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:37:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:37:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-7139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/40995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/42718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=1177111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/489045/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28085"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XHMW-WMWJ-JVWR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:15 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:47Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in ThemeinProgress WIP Custom Login plugin <= 1.2.9 versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-33313"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-28T19:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in ThemeinProgress WIP Custom Login plugin \u003c=\u00a01.2.9 versions.",
"id": "GHSA-xhmw-wmwj-jvwr",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:47:32Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T21:15:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33313"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wip-custom-login/wordpress-wip-custom-login-plugin-1-2-9-cross-site-request-forgery-csrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.