CWE-307
AllowedImproper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.
901 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GM9M-X74R-8WHG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-31 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-06 22:53Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-9528-x887-j2fp. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
OpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains a missing rate limiting vulnerability in the Nextcloud Talk webhook authentication that allows attackers to brute-force weak shared secrets. Attackers who can reach the webhook endpoint can exploit this to forge inbound webhook events by repeatedly attempting authentication without throttling.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.3.28"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-06T22:53:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-31T15:16:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-9528-x887-j2fp. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains a missing rate limiting vulnerability in the Nextcloud Talk webhook authentication that allows attackers to brute-force weak shared secrets. Attackers who can reach the webhook endpoint can exploit this to forge inbound webhook events by repeatedly attempting authentication without throttling.",
"id": "GHSA-gm9m-x74r-8whg",
"modified": "2026-04-06T22:53:20Z",
"published": "2026-03-31T15:31:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-9528-x887-j2fp"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33580"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/e403decb6e20091b5402780a7ccd2085f98aa3cd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-brute-force-attack-via-missing-rate-limiting-on-webhook-shared-secret-authentication"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw\u0027s Nextcloud Talk webhook missing rate limiting on shared secret authentication",
"withdrawn": "2026-04-06T22:53:20Z"
}
GHSA-GQ26-CPQ6-W85R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 00:29 – Updated: 2024-05-08 19:52SaltStack RSA Key Generation allows remote users to decrypt communications
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "salt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.15.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-2228"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-08T19:52:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-03T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SaltStack RSA Key Generation allows remote users to decrypt communications",
"id": "GHSA-gq26-cpq6-w85r",
"modified": "2024-05-08T19:52:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-05T00:29:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-2228"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2013-2228"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2013-2228"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/85372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2013-2228"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2013/07/01/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/60868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1028717"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "SaltStack RSA Key Generation allows remote users to decrypt communications"
}
GHSA-GQ6P-6345-P6JJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:18 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:18InHand Networks IR615 Router's Versions 2.3.0.r4724 and 2.3.0.r4870 have has no account lockout policy configured for the login page of the product. This may allow an attacker to execute a brute-force password attack with no time limitation and without harming the normal operation of the user. This could allow an attacker to gain valid credentials for the product interface.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38474"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-19T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "InHand Networks IR615 Router\u0027s Versions 2.3.0.r4724 and 2.3.0.r4870 have has no account lockout policy configured for the login page of the product. This may allow an attacker to execute a brute-force password attack with no time limitation and without harming the normal operation of the user. This could allow an attacker to gain valid credentials for the product interface.",
"id": "GHSA-gq6p-6345-p6jj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:18:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:18:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38474"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-280-05"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GQ9M-8C7H-8JR8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2022-12-07 21:30IBM Security Directory Server 6.4.0 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials. IBM X-Force ID: 165178.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-4520"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-02T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM Security Directory Server 6.4.0 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials. IBM X-Force ID: 165178.",
"id": "GHSA-gq9m-8c7h-8jr8",
"modified": "2022-12-07T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-4520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/165178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/1077045"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GR58-76RP-MMG4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-24 18:30 – Updated: 2022-11-30 19:32Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts in GitHub repository wger-project/wger prior to 2.2.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "wger"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2650"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-29T23:53:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-24T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts in GitHub repository wger-project/wger prior to 2.2.",
"id": "GHSA-gr58-76rp-mmg4",
"modified": "2022-11-30T19:32:53Z",
"published": "2022-11-24T18:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2650"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wger-project/wger/commit/5e3167e3a2dc95836fa2607fe201524c031a2c4c"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/wger-project/wger"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/f0d85efa-4e78-4b1d-848f-edea115af64b"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "wger vulnerable to brute force attempts"
}
GHSA-GV7Q-WPR2-499J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-18 18:30 – Updated: 2025-03-25 18:30A lack of rate limiting in the login page of Safe App version a3.0.9 allows attackers to bypass authentication via a brute force attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-25595"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-18T17:15:46Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A lack of rate limiting in the login page of Safe App version a3.0.9 allows attackers to bypass authentication via a brute force attack.",
"id": "GHSA-gv7q-wpr2-499j",
"modified": "2025-03-25T18:30:51Z",
"published": "2025-03-18T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25595"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pastebin.com/t8FthPaF"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.iitb.cse.arkenstone.safe_v2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GV85-WGXC-VC56
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:57 – Updated: 2023-08-03 22:44web2py before 2.14.6 does not properly check if a host is denied before verifying passwords, allowing a remote attacker to perform brute-force attacks.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "web2py"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.14.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10321"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-03T22:44:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-10T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "web2py before 2.14.6 does not properly check if a host is denied before verifying passwords, allowing a remote attacker to perform brute-force attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-gv85-wgxc-vc56",
"modified": "2023-08-03T22:44:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:57:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10321"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web2py/web2py/issues/1585#issuecomment-284317919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/web2py/web2py/commit/944d8bd8f3c5cf8ae296fc03d149056c65358426"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/web2py/web2py"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4030-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "web2py is vulnerable to password brute-force attack"
}
GHSA-GW25-6R8W-P973
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-13 00:00Zammad 5.2.0 is vulnerable to privilege escalation. Zammad has a prevention against brute-force attacks trying to guess login credentials. After a configurable amount of attempts, users are invalidated and logins prevented. An attacker might work around this prevention, enabling them to send more than the configured amount of requests before the user invalidation takes place.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35490"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-08T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Zammad 5.2.0 is vulnerable to privilege escalation. Zammad has a prevention against brute-force attacks trying to guess login credentials. After a configurable amount of attempts, users are invalidated and logins prevented. An attacker might work around this prevention, enabling them to send more than the configured amount of requests before the user invalidation takes place.",
"id": "GHSA-gw25-6r8w-p973",
"modified": "2022-08-13T00:00:53Z",
"published": "2022-08-09T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35490"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://zammad.com/de/advisories/zaa-2022-07"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWJQ-J584-RM32
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-22 15:31CWE-307 Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability exists that would allow an attacker to gain access to the user account by performing an arbitrary number of authentication attempts with different credentials on a sequence of requests to multiple endpoints.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-2402"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T16:16:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CWE-307 Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability exists that would allow an attacker to gain access to the user account by performing an arbitrary number of authentication attempts with different credentials on a sequence of requests to multiple endpoints.",
"id": "GHSA-gwjq-j584-rm32",
"modified": "2026-04-22T15:31:32Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T18:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2026-104-01\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2026-104-01.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-GWPM-JP9F-HXFG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-03 12:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:31A missing Brute-Force protection in CODESYS Development System prior to 3.5.19.20 allows a local attacker to have unlimited attempts of guessing the password within an import dialog.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3669"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-307"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-03T12:15:11Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A missing Brute-Force protection in CODESYS Development System prior to 3.5.19.20 allows a local attacker to have unlimited attempts of guessing the password within an import dialog.",
"id": "GHSA-gwpm-jp9f-hxfg",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:31:18Z",
"published": "2023-08-03T12:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2023-023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Common protection mechanisms include:
- Disconnecting the user after a small number of failed attempts
- Implementing a timeout
- Locking out a targeted account
- Requiring a computational task on the user's part.
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator. [REF-45]
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.