CWE-276
AllowedIncorrect Default Permissions
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
During installation, installed file permissions are set to allow anyone to modify those files.
2043 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-55WP-3PQ4-W8P9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-20 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-02 18:54Jenkins creates a temporary file when a plugin is deployed directly from a URL.
Jenkins 2.423 and earlier, LTS 2.414.1 and earlier creates this temporary file in the system temporary directory with the default permissions for newly created files.
If these permissions are overly permissive, they may allow attackers with access to the Jenkins controller file system to read and write the file before it is installed in Jenkins, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution.
This vulnerability only affects operating systems using a shared temporary directory for all users (typically Linux). Additionally, the default permissions for newly created files generally only allow attackers to read the temporary file, but not write to it.
This issue complements SECURITY-2823, which affected plugins uploaded from an administrator’s computer. Jenkins 2.424, LTS 2.414.2 creates the temporary file in a subdirectory with more restrictive permissions.
As a workaround, you can change your default temporary-file directory using the Java system property java.io.tmpdir, if you’re concerned about this issue but unable to immediately update Jenkins.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.50"
},
{
"fixed": "2.414.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.415"
},
{
"fixed": "2.424"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-43496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-09-21T17:21:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-20T17:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Jenkins creates a temporary file when a plugin is deployed directly from a URL.\n\nJenkins 2.423 and earlier, LTS 2.414.1 and earlier creates this temporary file in the system temporary directory with the default permissions for newly created files.\n\nIf these permissions are overly permissive, they may allow attackers with access to the Jenkins controller file system to read and write the file before it is installed in Jenkins, potentially resulting in arbitrary code execution.\n\nThis vulnerability only affects operating systems using a shared temporary directory for all users (typically Linux). Additionally, the default permissions for newly created files generally only allow attackers to read the temporary file, but not write to it.\n\nThis issue complements SECURITY-2823, which affected plugins uploaded from an administrator\u2019s computer.\nJenkins 2.424, LTS 2.414.2 creates the temporary file in a subdirectory with more restrictive permissions.\n\nAs a workaround, you can change your default temporary-file directory using the Java system property java.io.tmpdir, if you\u2019re concerned about this issue but unable to immediately update Jenkins.",
"id": "GHSA-55wp-3pq4-w8p9",
"modified": "2025-05-02T18:54:30Z",
"published": "2023-09-20T18:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins/commit/df7c4ccda8976c06bf31b8fb9938f26fc38501ca"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-09-20/#SECURITY-3072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/09/20/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins temporary plugin file created with insecure permissions "
}
GHSA-5622-5MVM-7268
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-25 00:00Adobe Genuine Integrity Service versions Version 6.4 and earlier have an insecure file permissions vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to privilege escalation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3766"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-25T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Genuine Integrity Service versions Version 6.4 and earlier have an insecure file permissions vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to privilege escalation.",
"id": "GHSA-5622-5mvm-7268",
"modified": "2022-05-25T00:00:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/integrity_service/apsb20-12.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-372"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-564H-HX6X-WG47
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-21 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-21 21:31HKUDS OpenHarness prior to PR #147 remediation contains an insecure default configuration vulnerability where remote channels inherit allow_from = ["*"] permitting arbitrary remote senders to pass admission checks. Attackers who can reach the configured channel can bypass access controls and reach host-backed agent runtimes, potentially leading to unauthorized file disclosure and read access through default-enabled read-only tools.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6823"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T21:16:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "HKUDS OpenHarness prior to PR #147 remediation contains an insecure default configuration vulnerability where remote channels inherit allow_from = [\"*\"] permitting arbitrary remote senders to pass admission checks. Attackers who can reach the configured channel can bypass access controls and reach host-backed agent runtimes, potentially leading to unauthorized file disclosure and read access through default-enabled read-only tools.",
"id": "GHSA-564h-hx6x-wg47",
"modified": "2026-04-21T21:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-04-21T21:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6823"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/OpenHarness/pull/147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/OpenHarness/commit/fab40c6eabfb15f2bdf23cddd3cfe66a64ea203d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HKUDS/OpenHarness/releases/tag/v0.1.7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/hkuds-openharness-insecure-default-remote-channel-allowlist"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-564M-562Q-F5W6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-15 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:52In onResume of AppManagementFragment.java, there is a possible way to prevent users from forgetting a previously connected VPN due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11 Android-12Android ID: A-205460459
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21121"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-15T19:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onResume of AppManagementFragment.java, there is a possible way to prevent users from forgetting a previously connected VPN due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11 Android-12Android ID: A-205460459",
"id": "GHSA-564m-562q-f5w6",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:52:22Z",
"published": "2023-06-15T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2023-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-564P-H37M-W2XH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-23 00:31 – Updated: 2024-10-23 00:31Incorrect Default Permissions vulnerability in GenBroker32, which is included in the installers for ICONICS GENESIS64 version 10.97.3 and prior, Mitsubishi Electric GENESIS64 version 10.97.3 and prior and Mitsubishi Electric MC Works64 all versions allows a local authenticated attacker to disclose or tamper with confidential information and data contained in the products, or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on the products, by accessing a folder with incorrect permissions, when GenBroker32 is installed on the same PC as GENESIS64 or MC Works64.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7587"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-22T23:15:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect Default Permissions vulnerability in GenBroker32, which is included in the installers for ICONICS GENESIS64 version 10.97.3 and prior, Mitsubishi Electric GENESIS64 version 10.97.3 and prior and Mitsubishi Electric MC Works64 all versions allows a local authenticated attacker to disclose or tamper with confidential information and data contained in the products, or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on the products, by accessing a folder with incorrect permissions, when GenBroker32 is installed on the same PC as GENESIS64 or MC Works64.",
"id": "GHSA-564p-h37m-w2xh",
"modified": "2024-10-23T00:31:46Z",
"published": "2024-10-23T00:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU95548104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-296-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.com/en/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2024-008_en.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5662-CV6M-63WH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-18 20:13 – Updated: 2025-07-18 20:13It was discovered that the SBOM files generated by melange in apks had file system permissions mode 666:
$ apkrane ls https://packages.wolfi.dev/os/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz -P hello-wolfi --full --latest | xargs wget -q -O - | tar tzv 2>/dev/null var/lib/db/sbom
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2025-06-23 14:17 var/lib/db/sbom
-rw-rw-rw- root/root 3383 2025-06-23 14:17 var/lib/db/sbom/hello-wolfi-2.12.2-r1.spdx.json
This issue was introduced in commit 1b272db ("Persist workspace filesystem throughout package builds (#1836)") (v0.23.0).
Impact
This potentially allows an unprivileged user to tamper with apk SBOMs on a running image, potentially confusing security scanners. An attacker could also perform a DoS under special circumstances.
Patches
This issue was addressed in melange in e29494b ("fix: tighten up permissions for written SBOM files and signature tarballs (#2086)") (v0.29.5).
Acknowledgements
Thanks to Cody Harris H2O.ai and Markus Boehme for independently reporting this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "chainguard.dev/melange"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.23.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.29.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54059"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-18T20:13:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-18T16:15:30Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "It was discovered that the SBOM files generated by melange in apks had file system permissions mode 666:\n```\n$ apkrane ls https://packages.wolfi.dev/os/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz -P hello-wolfi --full --latest | xargs wget -q -O - | tar tzv 2\u003e/dev/null var/lib/db/sbom\ndrwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2025-06-23 14:17 var/lib/db/sbom\n-rw-rw-rw- root/root 3383 2025-06-23 14:17 var/lib/db/sbom/hello-wolfi-2.12.2-r1.spdx.json\n```\n\nThis issue was introduced in commit 1b272db (\"Persist workspace filesystem throughout package builds (#1836)\") ([v0.23.0](https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/releases/tag/v0.23.0)).\n\n### Impact\nThis potentially allows an unprivileged user to tamper with apk SBOMs on a running image, potentially confusing security scanners. An attacker could also perform a DoS under special circumstances.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue was addressed in melange in e29494b (\"fix: tighten up permissions for written SBOM files and signature tarballs (#2086)\") ([v0.29.5](https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/releases/tag/v0.29.5)).\n\n## Acknowledgements\n\nThanks to Cody Harris [H2O.ai](https://h2o.ai/) and Markus Boehme for independently reporting this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-5662-cv6m-63wh",
"modified": "2025-07-18T20:13:21Z",
"published": "2025-07-18T20:13:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/security/advisories/GHSA-5662-cv6m-63wh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54059"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/pull/1836"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/pull/2086"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/commit/1b272db2a0bb3441553284cc56d87236b4b64c04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/commit/e29494b4a40a91619ec1c87a09003c6d5164cea1"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chainguard-dev/melange/releases/tag/v0.29.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "melange\u0027s world-writable permissions expose SBOM files to potential image tampering"
}
GHSA-569F-2GGR-6V5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 18:30In network service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39087"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276",
"CWE-77",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-04T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In network service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-569f-2ggr-6v5w",
"modified": "2023-01-10T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-01-04T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39087"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1610118225591336001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-56GQ-M2M7-QC85
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 15:30 – Updated: 2025-07-25 21:33Unitree Go1 <= Go1_2022_05_11 is vulnerable to Insecure Permissions as the firmware update functionality (via Wi-Fi/Ethernet) implements an insecure verification mechanism that solely relies on MD5 checksums for firmware integrity validation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45467"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-25T15:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unitree Go1 \u003c= Go1_2022_05_11 is vulnerable to Insecure Permissions as the firmware update functionality (via Wi-Fi/Ethernet) implements an insecure verification mechanism that solely relies on MD5 checksums for firmware integrity validation.",
"id": "GHSA-56gq-m2m7-qc85",
"modified": "2025-07-25T21:33:49Z",
"published": "2025-07-25T15:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zgsnj123/CVE-2025-45467/tree/main"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unitree.com/cn/go1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-56H4-RRGP-R6PX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-28 18:38 – Updated: 2024-11-28 18:38The NetCloud Exchange client for Windows, version 1.110.50, contains an insecure file and folder permissions vulnerability. A normal (non-admin) user could exploit the weakness in file and folder permissions to escalate privileges, execute arbitrary code and maintain persistence on the compromised machine. It has been identified that full control permissions exist on the ‘Everyone’ group (i.e. any user who has local access to the operating system regardless of their privileges).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11969"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-28T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The NetCloud Exchange client for Windows, version 1.110.50, contains an insecure file and folder permissions vulnerability. A normal (non-admin) user could exploit the weakness in file and folder permissions to escalate privileges, execute arbitrary code and maintain persistence on the compromised machine. It has been identified that full control permissions exist on the \u2018Everyone\u2019 group (i.e. any user who has local access to the operating system regardless of their privileges).",
"id": "GHSA-56h4-rrgp-r6px",
"modified": "2024-11-28T18:38:38Z",
"published": "2024-11-28T18:38:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11969"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.incibe.es/en/incibe-cert/notices/aviso/incorrect-default-permissions-cradlepoint-netcloud-exchange"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-56X3-C3F3-5345
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 00:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. A malicious app may be able to gain root privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-24234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in macOS Ventura 13.7.5, macOS Sequoia 15.4, macOS Sonoma 14.7.5. A malicious app may be able to gain root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-56x3-c3f3-5345",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:19Z",
"published": "2025-04-01T00:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
The architecture needs to access and modification attributes for files to only those users who actually require those actions.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering
Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.