CWE-250
AllowedExecution with Unnecessary Privileges
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product performs an operation at a privilege level that is higher than the minimum level required, which creates new weaknesses or amplifies the consequences of other weaknesses.
573 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X547-PM2Q-2CR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-06 03:32 – Updated: 2024-02-13 18:38Hardy Barth cPH2 eCharge Ladestation v1.87.0 and earlier is vulnerable to Execution with Unnecessary Privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46360"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-06T01:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Hardy Barth cPH2 eCharge Ladestation v1.87.0 and earlier is vulnerable to Execution with Unnecessary Privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-x547-pm2q-2cr6",
"modified": "2024-02-13T18:38:22Z",
"published": "2024-02-06T03:32:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.offensity.com/en/blog/os-command-injection-in-cph2-charging-station-200-cve-2023-46359-and-cve-2023-46360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://hardy.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X64C-QGM9-XP36
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-08 03:32 – Updated: 2026-04-08 03:32IBM Verify Identity Access Container 11.0 through 11.0.2 and IBM Security Verify Access Container 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 and IBM Verify Identity Access 11.0 through 11.0.2 and IBM Security Verify Access 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 could allow a locally authenticated user to escalate their privileges to root due to execution with unnecessary privileges than required.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1346"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-08T01:16:40Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM Verify Identity Access Container 11.0 through 11.0.2 and IBM Security Verify Access Container 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 and IBM Verify Identity Access 11.0 through 11.0.2 and IBM Security Verify Access 10.0 through 10.0.9.1 could allow a locally authenticated user to escalate their privileges to root due to execution with unnecessary privileges than required.",
"id": "GHSA-x64c-qgm9-xp36",
"modified": "2026-04-08T03:32:13Z",
"published": "2026-04-08T03:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1346"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7268253"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X6V7-6Q76-P2CX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-20 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-20 21:30Versa SASE Client for Windows versions released between 7.8.7 and 7.9.4 contain a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the audit log export functionality. The client communicates user-controlled file paths to a privileged service, which performs file system operations without impersonating the requesting user. Due to improper privilege handling and a time-of-check time-of-use race condition combined with symbolic link and mount point manipulation, a local authenticated attacker can coerce the service into deleting arbitrary directories with SYSTEM privileges. This can be exploited to delete protected system folders such as C:\Config.msi and subsequently achieve execution as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM via MSI rollback techniques.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-34290"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-20T20:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Versa SASE Client for Windows versions released between 7.8.7 and 7.9.4 contain a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the audit log export functionality. The client communicates user-controlled file paths to a privileged service, which performs file system operations without impersonating the requesting user. Due to improper privilege handling and a time-of-check time-of-use race condition combined with symbolic link and mount point manipulation, a local authenticated attacker can coerce the service into deleting arbitrary directories with SYSTEM privileges. This can be exploited to delete protected system folders such as C:\\\\Config.msi and subsequently achieve execution as NT AUTHORITY\\\\SYSTEM via MSI rollback techniques.",
"id": "GHSA-x6v7-6q76-p2cx",
"modified": "2025-12-20T21:30:12Z",
"published": "2025-12-20T21:30:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-34290"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-portal.versa-networks.com/emailbulletins/69421e33d03aafc8e5bdaf21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/versa-sase-client-for-windows-arbitrary-file-deletion-leading-to-lpe"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7HG-QR55-CGH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-31 09:30 – Updated: 2025-12-31 09:30The NPort 6100-G2/6200-G2 Series is affected by an execution with unnecessary privileges vulnerability (CVE-2025-1977) that allows an authenticated user with read-only access to perform unauthorized configuration changes through the MCC (Moxa CLI Configuration) tool. The issue can be exploited remotely over the network with low-attack complexity and no user interaction but requires specific system conditions or configurations to be present. Successful exploitation may result in changes to device settings that were not intended to be permitted for the affected user role, potentially leading to a high impact on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device. No impact on other systems has been identified.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1977"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-31T08:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The NPort 6100-G2/6200-G2 Series is affected by an execution with unnecessary privileges vulnerability (CVE-2025-1977) that allows an authenticated user with read-only access to perform unauthorized configuration changes through the MCC (Moxa CLI Configuration) tool. The issue can be exploited remotely over the network with low-attack complexity and no user interaction but requires specific system conditions or configurations to be present. Successful exploitation may result in changes to device settings that were not intended to be permitted for the affected user role, potentially leading to a high impact on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the device. No impact on other systems has been identified.",
"id": "GHSA-x7hg-qr55-cgh5",
"modified": "2025-12-31T09:30:19Z",
"published": "2025-12-31T09:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1977"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/security-advisory/mpsa-251731-cve-2025-1977-cve-2025-2026-multiple-vulnerabilities-in-nport-6100-g2-6200-g2-series"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-X95J-7PPJ-485M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-17 15:30 – Updated: 2024-07-17 15:30A vulnerability in APIML Spring Cloud Gateway which leverages user privileges by unexpected signing proxied request by Zowe's client certificate. This allows access to a user to the endpoints requiring an internal client certificate without any credentials. It could lead to managing components in there and allow an attacker to handle the whole communication including user credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6834"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-17T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in APIML Spring Cloud Gateway which leverages user privileges by unexpected signing proxied request by Zowe\u0027s client certificate. This allows access to a user to the endpoints requiring an internal client certificate without any credentials. It could lead to managing components in there and allow an attacker to handle the whole communication including user credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-x95j-7ppj-485m",
"modified": "2024-07-17T15:30:53Z",
"published": "2024-07-17T15:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6834"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zowe/api-layer"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9XR-4Q3H-R33W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-18 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-02 09:36Execution with Unnecessary Privileges, : Improper Protection of Alternate Path vulnerability in TR7 Application Security Platform (ASP) allows Privilege Escalation, -Privilege Abuse.This issue affects Application Security Platform (ASP): v1.4.25.188.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8781"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-18T14:15:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Execution with Unnecessary Privileges, : Improper Protection of Alternate Path vulnerability in TR7 Application Security Platform (ASP) allows Privilege Escalation, -Privilege Abuse.This issue affects Application Security Platform (ASP): v1.4.25.188.",
"id": "GHSA-x9xr-4q3h-r33w",
"modified": "2026-06-02T09:36:14Z",
"published": "2024-11-18T15:33:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-24-1861"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-24-1861"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCVC-5HGV-PHQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-09 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-15 15:58An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in open-webui/open-webui version v0.3.8. The vulnerability occurs in the API endpoint http://0.0.0.0:3000/api/v1/memories/{id}/update, where the decentralization design is flawed, allowing attackers to edit other users' memories without proper authorization.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "open-webui"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.3.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7041"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250",
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-10-09T22:10:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-09T20:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in open-webui/open-webui version v0.3.8. The vulnerability occurs in the API endpoint `http://0.0.0.0:3000/api/v1/memories/{id}/update`, where the decentralization design is flawed, allowing attackers to edit other users\u0027 memories without proper authorization.",
"id": "GHSA-xcvc-5hgv-phqg",
"modified": "2025-10-15T15:58:58Z",
"published": "2024-10-09T21:31:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7041"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/blob/main/backend/apps/webui/routers/memories.py#L71"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/6855227f-1237-47b8-8d37-29aad7ddec3a"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "open-webui Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability"
}
GHSA-XG3M-C464-J5FH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-02 18:31 – Updated: 2026-04-02 18:31An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS versions from 2.19.0 up to 3.6.5, Mbed TLS 4.0.0. Insufficient protection of serialized SSL context or session structures allows an attacker who can modify the serialized structures to induce memory corruption, leading to arbitrary code execution. This is caused by Incorrect Use of Privileged APIs.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34877"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-02T17:16:26Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS versions from 2.19.0 up to 3.6.5, Mbed TLS 4.0.0. Insufficient protection of serialized SSL context or session structures allows an attacker who can modify the serialized structures to induce memory corruption, leading to arbitrary code execution. This is caused by Incorrect Use of Privileged APIs.",
"id": "GHSA-xg3m-c464-j5fh",
"modified": "2026-04-02T18:31:38Z",
"published": "2026-04-02T18:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mbed-tls.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security-advisories"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mbed-tls.readthedocs.io/en/latest/security-advisories/mbedtls-security-advisory-2026-03-serialized-data"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XH76-QHVP-PRH8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-09 18:31[This CNA information record relates to multiple CVEs; the text explains which aspects/vulnerabilities correspond to which CVE.] XAPI can configure different users with different roles, using Role Based Access Control. For more details, see:
https://docs.xenserver.com/en-us/xencenter/current-release/rbac-overview.html#rbac-roles
The pool-admin role is fully privileged. Notably, users with this role can also SSH into the host as root.
The other administrator roles are pool-operator, vm-power-admin and vm-admin, each of which are authorised to configure and manage various aspects of the system.
Some settings are inadequately restricted, and can be set by a lower privilege of administrator than expected.
-
CVE-2026-23559: A vm-admin can set VBD.other_config:backend-local and turn arbitrary files in dom0 into VDIs (virtual disks) and give said disks to a VM they control. This is an arbitrary read and/or modify of files in dom0.
-
CVE-2026-23560: A vm-admin can set VM.other-config:is_system_domain and mark a VM as a system domain. System domains are ignored and left running during certain other host/pool operations, and may be hidden from view in tooling.
-
CVE-2026-23561: A vm-admin can set VM.other_config:storage_driver_domain and mark a VM as the storage domain for a particular host storage connection (PBD). Shutting down the VM can cause the PBD to be erroneously marked as unplugged when it is not.
-
CVE-2026-23562: Configuration of PCI passthrough is normally restricted to the pool-admin role. However one API was missing this check, allowing a vm-admin access to unintended host hardware.
-
CVE-2026-42486: A vm-admin can set the VM.platform:hvm_serial parameter, which should be restricted to the pool-admin role, as it can allow arbitrary dom0 file write.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23562"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-09T16:16:39Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "[This CNA information record relates to multiple CVEs; the text explains which aspects/vulnerabilities correspond to which CVE.]\nXAPI can configure different users with different roles, using Role\nBased Access Control. For more details, see:\n\n https://docs.xenserver.com/en-us/xencenter/current-release/rbac-overview.html#rbac-roles\n\nThe pool-admin role is fully privileged. Notably, users with this role\ncan also SSH into the host as root.\n\nThe other administrator roles are pool-operator, vm-power-admin and\nvm-admin, each of which are authorised to configure and manage various\naspects of the system.\n\nSome settings are inadequately restricted, and can be set by a lower\nprivilege of administrator than expected.\n\n * CVE-2026-23559: A vm-admin can set VBD.other_config:backend-local and\n turn arbitrary files in dom0 into VDIs (virtual disks) and give said\n disks to a VM they control. This is an arbitrary read and/or modify\n of files in dom0.\n\n * CVE-2026-23560: A vm-admin can set VM.other-config:is_system_domain\n and mark a VM as a system domain. System domains are ignored and\n left running during certain other host/pool operations, and may be\n hidden from view in tooling.\n\n * CVE-2026-23561: A vm-admin can set VM.other_config:storage_driver_domain\n and mark a VM as the storage domain for a particular host storage\n connection (PBD). Shutting down the VM can cause the PBD to be\n erroneously marked as unplugged when it is not.\n\n * CVE-2026-23562: Configuration of PCI passthrough is normally\n restricted to the pool-admin role. However one API was missing this\n check, allowing a vm-admin access to unintended host hardware.\n\n * CVE-2026-42486: A vm-admin can set the VM.platform:hvm_serial\n parameter, which should be restricted to the pool-admin role, as it\n can allow arbitrary dom0 file write.",
"id": "GHSA-xh76-qhvp-prh8",
"modified": "2026-07-09T18:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-07-09T18:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23562"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-489.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XH8Q-JH7V-55G2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-26 15:30 – Updated: 2025-05-26 15:30A vulnerability has been found in Wing FTP Server up to 7.4.3 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Lua Admin Console. The manipulation leads to execution with unnecessary privileges. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. Upgrading to version 7.4.4 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The vendor explains: "[W]e do not consider it as a security vulnerability, because the system admin in WingFTP has full permissions [...], but you can suggest the user run WingFTP service as Normal User rather than SYSTEM/Root, it will be safer."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5196"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-250"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-26T14:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in Wing FTP Server up to 7.4.3 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component Lua Admin Console. The manipulation leads to execution with unnecessary privileges. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. Upgrading to version 7.4.4 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The vendor explains: \"[W]e do not consider it as a security vulnerability, because the system admin in WingFTP has full permissions [...], but you can suggest the user run WingFTP service as Normal User rather than SYSTEM/Root, it will be safer.\"",
"id": "GHSA-xh8q-jh7v-55g2",
"modified": "2025-05-26T15:30:34Z",
"published": "2025-05-26T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Nouvexr/Wing-FTP-Server-7.4.4-RCE-Authenticated/blob/main/poc.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310279"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.310279"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.584253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wftpserver.com/serverhistory.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-18
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
Identify the functionality that requires additional privileges, such as access to privileged operating system resources. Wrap and centralize this functionality if possible, and isolate the privileged code as much as possible from other code [REF-76]. Raise privileges as late as possible, and drop them as soon as possible to avoid CWE-271. Avoid weaknesses such as CWE-288 and CWE-420 by protecting all possible communication channels that could interact with the privileged code, such as a secondary socket that is only intended to be accessed by administrators.
Mitigation MIT-18
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Identify the functionality that requires additional privileges, such as access to privileged operating system resources. Wrap and centralize this functionality if possible, and isolate the privileged code as much as possible from other code [REF-76]. Raise privileges as late as possible, and drop them as soon as possible to avoid CWE-271. Avoid weaknesses such as CWE-288 and CWE-420 by protecting all possible communication channels that could interact with the privileged code, such as a secondary socket that is only intended to be accessed by administrators.
Mitigation
Perform extensive input validation for any privileged code that must be exposed to the user and reject anything that does not fit your strict requirements.
Mitigation MIT-19
When dropping privileges, ensure that they have been dropped successfully to avoid CWE-273. As protection mechanisms in the environment get stronger, privilege-dropping calls may fail even if it seems like they would always succeed.
Mitigation
If circumstances force you to run with extra privileges, then determine the minimum access level necessary. First identify the different permissions that the software and its users will need to perform their actions, such as file read and write permissions, network socket permissions, and so forth. Then explicitly allow those actions while denying all else [REF-76]. Perform extensive input validation and canonicalization to minimize the chances of introducing a separate vulnerability. This mitigation is much more prone to error than dropping the privileges in the first place.
Mitigation MIT-37
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Ensure that the software runs properly under the United States Government Configuration Baseline (USGCB) [REF-199] or an equivalent hardening configuration guide, which many organizations use to limit the attack surface and potential risk of deployed software.
CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting
An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.
CAPEC-470: Expanding Control over the Operating System from the Database
An attacker is able to leverage access gained to the database to read / write data to the file system, compromise the operating system, create a tunnel for accessing the host machine, and use this access to potentially attack other machines on the same network as the database machine. Traditionally SQL injections attacks are viewed as a way to gain unauthorized read access to the data stored in the database, modify the data in the database, delete the data, etc. However, almost every data base management system (DBMS) system includes facilities that if compromised allow an attacker complete access to the file system, operating system, and full access to the host running the database. The attacker can then use this privileged access to launch subsequent attacks. These facilities include dropping into a command shell, creating user defined functions that can call system level libraries present on the host machine, stored procedures, etc.
CAPEC-69: Target Programs with Elevated Privileges
This attack targets programs running with elevated privileges. The adversary tries to leverage a vulnerability in the running program and get arbitrary code to execute with elevated privileges.