CWE-201
AllowedInsertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The code transmits data to another actor, but a portion of the data includes sensitive information that should not be accessible to that actor.
674 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8646-V3MF-M963
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-07 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in brandtoss WP Mailster allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects WP Mailster: from n/a through 1.8.17.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22303"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-07T11:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in brandtoss WP Mailster allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects WP Mailster: from n/a through 1.8.17.0.",
"id": "GHSA-8646-v3mf-m963",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-07T12:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22303"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wp-mailster/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-mailster-plugin-1-8-17-0-sensitive-data-exposure-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-873W-P97P-F26X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-01 18:31Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Logtivity Activity Logs Activity Logs, User Activity Tracking, Multisite Activity Log from Logtivity allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.
This issue affects Activity Logs, User Activity Tracking, Multisite Activity Log from Logtivity: from n/a through 3.3.6.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-42673"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-01T17:16:59Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Logtivity Activity Logs Activity Logs, User Activity Tracking, Multisite Activity Log from Logtivity allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.\n\nThis issue affects Activity Logs, User Activity Tracking, Multisite Activity Log from Logtivity: from n/a through 3.3.6.",
"id": "GHSA-873w-p97p-f26x",
"modified": "2026-06-01T18:31:52Z",
"published": "2026-06-01T18:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42673"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/logtivity/vulnerability/wordpress-activity-logs-user-activity-tracking-multisite-activity-log-from-logtivity-plugin-3-3-6-sensitive-data-exposure-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-88QP-Q3XW-V38X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-05 18:30 – Updated: 2026-02-05 18:30Edimax EW-7438RPn-v3 Mini 1.27 allows unauthenticated attackers to access the /wizard_reboot.asp page in unsetup mode, which discloses the Wi-Fi SSID and security key. Attackers can retrieve the wireless password by sending a GET request to this endpoint, exposing sensitive information without authentication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-37150"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-05T17:16:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Edimax EW-7438RPn-v3 Mini 1.27 allows unauthenticated attackers to access the /wizard_reboot.asp page in unsetup mode, which discloses the Wi-Fi SSID and security key. Attackers can retrieve the wireless password by sending a GET request to this endpoint, exposing sensitive information without authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-88qp-q3xw-v38x",
"modified": "2026-02-05T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2026-02-05T18:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.edimax.com/edimax/merchandise/merchandise_detail/data/edimax/global/wi-fi_range_extenders_n300/ew-7438rpn_mini"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48318"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/edimax-technology-ew-rpn-mini-unauthorized-access-wi-fi-password-disclosure"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-88X5-25PM-735M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-26 15:30 – Updated: 2026-06-04 21:31Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Vimesoft Information Technologies and Software Inc. Vimesoft Corporate Messaging Platform allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects Vimesoft Corporate Messaging Platform: from V1.3.0 before V2.0.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-26T13:15:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Vimesoft Information Technologies and Software Inc. Vimesoft Corporate Messaging Platform allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects Vimesoft Corporate Messaging Platform: from V1.3.0 before V2.0.0.",
"id": "GHSA-88x5-25pm-735m",
"modified": "2026-06-04T21:31:17Z",
"published": "2025-09-26T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-25-0300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-25-0300"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8JPW-GPR4-8CMH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-13 23:06 – Updated: 2025-11-15 03:15Summary
A vulnerability allows authenticated users to search concealed/sensitive fields when they have read permissions. While actual values remain masked (****), successful matches can be detected through returned records, enabling enumeration attacks on sensitive data.
Details
The system permits search operations on concealed fields in the directus_users collection, including token, tfa_secret, password. Matching records are returned with masked values, but their presence confirms the searched value exists.
The "Recommended Defaults" for "App Access" grant users full read permissions to their role/user records, inadvertently enabling them to search for any user's tokens, TFA secrets, and password hashes. Attackers can leverage known password hashes from breach databases to identify accounts with compromised passwords.
Impact
This vulnerability enables: - Token enumeration - Verification of valid authentication tokens - Password hash matching - Identification of accounts using known compromised passwords - Information disclosure - Confirmation of sensitive value existence without viewing actual data - Increased attack surface - Default permissions automatically expose all deployments using recommended settings
The risk is particularly high for password fields, where attackers can cross-reference publicly available hash databases to identify vulnerable accounts.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "directus"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "11.13.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@directus/api"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "32.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-13T23:06:41Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-13T22:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nA vulnerability allows authenticated users to search concealed/sensitive fields when they have read permissions. While actual values remain masked (`****`), successful matches can be detected through returned records, enabling enumeration attacks on sensitive data.\n\n## Details\n\nThe system permits search operations on concealed fields in the `directus_users` collection, including `token`, `tfa_secret`, `password`. Matching records are returned with masked values, but their presence confirms the searched value exists.\n\nThe \"Recommended Defaults\" for \"App Access\" grant users full read permissions to their role/user records, inadvertently enabling them to search for any user\u0027s tokens, TFA secrets, and password hashes. Attackers can leverage known password hashes from breach databases to identify accounts with compromised passwords.\n\n# Impact\n\nThis vulnerability enables:\n- **Token enumeration** - Verification of valid authentication tokens\n- **Password hash matching** - Identification of accounts using known compromised passwords\n- **Information disclosure** - Confirmation of sensitive value existence without viewing actual data\n- **Increased attack surface** - Default permissions automatically expose all deployments using recommended settings\n\nThe risk is particularly high for password fields, where attackers can cross-reference publicly available hash databases to identify vulnerable accounts.",
"id": "GHSA-8jpw-gpr4-8cmh",
"modified": "2025-11-15T03:15:27Z",
"published": "2025-11-13T23:06:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/directus/directus/security/advisories/GHSA-8jpw-gpr4-8cmh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/directus/directus/commit/7737d56e096f95edfbdf861a3c08999ad31ce204"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/directus/directus"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Directus\u0027s conceal fields are searchable if read permissions enabled"
}
GHSA-8JRV-WX83-W3XJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-03 19:17A flaw was found in moodle. During anonymous assignment submissions, user identifiers were inadvertently exposed in URLs. This data exposure allows unauthorized viewers to see internal user IDs, compromising the intended anonymity and potentially leading to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.4.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "4.4.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.5.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "4.5.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.1.0-beta"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67857"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-03T19:17:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T11:15:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in moodle. During anonymous assignment submissions, user identifiers were inadvertently exposed in URLs. This data exposure allows unauthorized viewers to see internal user IDs, compromising the intended anonymity and potentially leading to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-8jrv-wx83-w3xj",
"modified": "2026-02-03T19:17:11Z",
"published": "2026-02-03T12:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/ac30e7e19357f696979b7ffd760a7131b6ad88f6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/c6cb8d971257c04a12a2c5d8510a89cb906f46f0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2423868"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=471307"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moodle Inserts Sensitive Information Into Sent Data"
}
GHSA-8R55-RV5W-6PFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-24 12:31 – Updated: 2026-02-25 19:21Airflow versions before 2.11.1 have a vulnerability that allows authenticated users with audit log access to see sensitive values in audit logs which they should not see. When sensitive connection parameters were set via airflow CLI, values of those variables appeared in the audit log and were stored unencrypted in the Airflow database. While this risk is limited to users with audit log access, it is recommended to upgrade to Airflow 2.11.1 or a later version, which addresses this issue. Users who previously used the CLI to set connections should manually delete entries with those connection sensitive values from the log table. This is similar but not the same issue as CVE-2024-50378
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-airflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.11.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27555"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201",
"CWE-532"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-25T19:21:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-24T10:16:02Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Airflow versions before 2.11.1 have a vulnerability that allows authenticated users with audit log access to see sensitive values in audit logs which they should not see. When sensitive connection parameters were set via airflow CLI, values of those variables appeared in the audit log and were stored unencrypted in the Airflow database. While this risk is limited to users with audit log access, it is recommended to upgrade to Airflow 2.11.1 or a later version, which addresses this issue. Users who previously used the CLI to set connections should manually delete entries with those connection sensitive values from the log table. This is similar but not the same issue as CVE-2024-50378",
"id": "GHSA-8r55-rv5w-6pfm",
"modified": "2026-02-25T19:21:33Z",
"published": "2026-02-24T12:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27555"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/61882"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/nxovkp319jo8vg498gql1yswtb2frbkw"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Airflow exposes sensitive information in its log files"
}
GHSA-8RW5-5Q8R-V7WP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-24 15:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Essekia Tablesome tablesome allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects Tablesome: from n/a through <= 1.1.35.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-68516"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-24T13:16:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Essekia Tablesome tablesome allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects Tablesome: from n/a through \u003c= 1.1.35.1.",
"id": "GHSA-8rw5-5q8r-v7wp",
"modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:33Z",
"published": "2025-12-24T15:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68516"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/tablesome/vulnerability/wordpress-tablesome-plugin-1-1-35-1-sensitive-data-exposure-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/tablesome/vulnerability/wordpress-tablesome-plugin-1-1-35-1-sensitive-data-exposure-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8V4X-G74W-CGG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:03 – Updated: 2023-02-02 21:33A vulnerability was found in 3scale before version 2.6, did not set the HTTPOnly attribute on the user session cookie. An attacker could use this to conduct cross site scripting attacks and gain access to unauthorized information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-14849"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201",
"CWE-79"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-12T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in 3scale before version 2.6, did not set the HTTPOnly attribute on the user session cookie. An attacker could use this to conduct cross site scripting attacks and gain access to unauthorized information.",
"id": "GHSA-8v4x-g74w-cgg6",
"modified": "2023-02-02T21:33:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:03:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2019-14849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1712167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-14849"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8VRM-72PG-2598
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-18 21:32 – Updated: 2025-11-18 21:32HCL Connections is vulnerable to a sensitive information disclosure vulnerability which could allow a user to obtain sensitive information they are not entitled to, caused by improper rendering of application data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52639"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-18T19:15:48Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "HCL Connections is vulnerable to a sensitive information disclosure vulnerability which could allow a user to obtain sensitive information they are not entitled to, caused by improper rendering of application data.",
"id": "GHSA-8vrm-72pg-2598",
"modified": "2025-11-18T21:32:30Z",
"published": "2025-11-18T21:32:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52639"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0124241"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Specify which data in the software should be regarded as sensitive. Consider which types of users should have access to which types of data.
Mitigation
Ensure that any possibly sensitive data specified in the requirements is verified with designers to ensure that it is either a calculated risk or mitigated elsewhere. Any information that is not necessary to the functionality should be removed in order to lower both the overhead and the possibility of security sensitive data being sent.
Mitigation
Setup default error messages so that unexpected errors do not disclose sensitive information.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-217: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured SSL/TLS
An adversary takes advantage of incorrectly configured SSL/TLS communications that enables access to data intended to be encrypted. The adversary may also use this type of attack to inject commands or other traffic into the encrypted stream to cause compromise of either the client or server.
CAPEC-612: WiFi MAC Address Tracking
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively listens for WiFi messages and logs the associated Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. These addresses are intended to be unique to each wireless device (although they can be configured and changed by software). Once the attacker is able to associate a MAC address with a particular user or set of users (for example, when attending a public event), the attacker can then scan for that MAC address to track that user in the future.
CAPEC-613: WiFi SSID Tracking
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively listens for WiFi management frame messages containing the Service Set Identifier (SSID) for the WiFi network. These messages are frequently transmitted by WiFi access points (e.g., the retransmission device) as well as by clients that are accessing the network (e.g., the handset/mobile device). Once the attacker is able to associate an SSID with a particular user or set of users (for example, when attending a public event), the attacker can then scan for this SSID to track that user in the future.
CAPEC-618: Cellular Broadcast Message Request
In this attack scenario, the attacker uses knowledge of the target’s mobile phone number (i.e., the number associated with the SIM used in the retransmission device) to cause the cellular network to send broadcast messages to alert the mobile device. Since the network knows which cell tower the target’s mobile device is attached to, the broadcast messages are only sent in the Location Area Code (LAC) where the target is currently located. By triggering the cellular broadcast message and then listening for the presence or absence of that message, an attacker could verify that the target is in (or not in) a given location.
CAPEC-619: Signal Strength Tracking
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively monitors the signal strength of the target’s cellular RF signal or WiFi RF signal and uses the strength of the signal (with directional antennas and/or from multiple listening points at once) to identify the source location of the signal. Obtaining the signal of the target can be accomplished through multiple techniques such as through Cellular Broadcast Message Request or through the use of IMSI Tracking or WiFi MAC Address Tracking.
CAPEC-621: Analysis of Packet Timing and Sizes
An attacker may intercept and log encrypted transmissions for the purpose of analyzing metadata such as packet timing and sizes. Although the actual data may be encrypted, this metadata may reveal valuable information to an attacker. Note that this attack is applicable to VOIP data as well as application data, especially for interactive apps that require precise timing and low-latency (e.g. thin-clients).
CAPEC-622: Electromagnetic Side-Channel Attack
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively monitors electromagnetic emanations that are produced by the targeted electronic device as an unintentional side-effect of its processing. From these emanations, the attacker derives information about the data that is being processed (e.g. the attacker can recover cryptographic keys by monitoring emanations associated with cryptographic processing). This style of attack requires proximal access to the device, however attacks have been demonstrated at public conferences that work at distances of up to 10-15 feet. There have not been any significant studies to determine the maximum practical distance for such attacks. Since the attack is passive, it is nearly impossible to detect and the targeted device will continue to operate as normal after a successful attack.
CAPEC-623: Compromising Emanations Attack
Compromising Emanations (CE) are defined as unintentional signals which an attacker may intercept and analyze to disclose the information processed by the targeted equipment. Commercial mobile devices and retransmission devices have displays, buttons, microchips, and radios that emit mechanical emissions in the form of sound or vibrations. Capturing these emissions can help an adversary understand what the device is doing.