CWE-201
AllowedInsertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The code transmits data to another actor, but a portion of the data includes sensitive information that should not be accessible to that actor.
674 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2016-10518 (GCVE-0-2016-10518)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-05-31 20:00 – Updated: 2024-09-17 02:57- CWE-201 - Information Exposure Through Sent Data (CWE-201)
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/websockets/ws/releases/tag/1.0.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://nodesecurity.io/advisories/67 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://gist.github.com/c0nrad/e92005446c480707a74a | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HackerOne | ws node module |
Affected:
<= 1.0.0
|
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GHSA-23QF-MX2G-P3GQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-23 21:30 – Updated: 2023-12-23 21:30An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the challenge functionality of instipod DuoUniversalKeycloakAuthenticator 1.0.7 plugin. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An user login to Keycloak using DuoUniversalKeycloakAuthenticator plugin triggers this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49594"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-23T20:15:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An information disclosure vulnerability exists in the challenge functionality of instipod DuoUniversalKeycloakAuthenticator 1.0.7 plugin. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a disclosure of sensitive information. An user login to Keycloak using DuoUniversalKeycloakAuthenticator plugin triggers this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-23qf-mx2g-p3gq",
"modified": "2023-12-23T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2023-12-23T21:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49594"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/instipod/DuoUniversalKeycloakAuthenticator/releases/tag/1.0.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1907"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1907"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-26F4-XFJH-462V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-24 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability in Patrick Posner Simply Static.This issue affects Simply Static: from n/a through 3.1.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32825"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201",
"CWE-532"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-24T08:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File vulnerability in Patrick Posner Simply Static.This issue affects Simply Static: from n/a through 3.1.3.",
"id": "GHSA-26f4-xfjh-462v",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:46Z",
"published": "2024-04-24T09:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32825"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/simply-static/vulnerability/wordpress-simply-static-plugin-3-1-3-sensitive-data-exposure-via-log-file-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/simply-static/wordpress-simply-static-plugin-3-1-3-sensitive-data-exposure-via-log-file-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
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"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-26XV-73MX-MQ4R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-11 15:32 – Updated: 2025-08-11 15:32YugabyteDB has been collecting diagnostics information from YugabyteDB servers, which may include sensitive gflag configurations. To mitigate this, we recommend upgrading the database to a version where this information is properly redacted.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8862"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-11T13:15:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "YugabyteDB has been collecting diagnostics information from YugabyteDB servers, which may include sensitive gflag configurations. To mitigate this, we recommend upgrading the database to a version where this information is properly redacted.",
"id": "GHSA-26xv-73mx-mq4r",
"modified": "2025-08-11T15:32:42Z",
"published": "2025-08-11T15:32:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.yugabyte.com/preview/secure/vulnerability-disclosure-policy"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-27G6-6W79-QH7M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-05 06:30 – Updated: 2026-03-09 15:30Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Joe Dolson My Tickets my-tickets allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects My Tickets: from n/a through <= 2.1.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-05T06:16:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Joe Dolson My Tickets my-tickets allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.This issue affects My Tickets: from n/a through \u003c= 2.1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-27g6-6w79-qh7m",
"modified": "2026-03-09T15:30:32Z",
"published": "2026-03-05T06:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/my-tickets/vulnerability/wordpress-my-tickets-plugin-2-1-0-sensitive-data-exposure-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-28FV-VPXC-GMP4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-29 15:30An improper authorization vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed an authenticated attacker to determine the names of private repositories by their numeric ID. The mobile upload policy API endpoint did not perform an early authorization check, and validation error messages included the full repository name for repositories the caller did not have access to. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.21 and was fixed in versions 3.20.1, 3.19.5, 3.18.8, 3.17.14, 3.16.17, 3.15.21, and 3.14.26. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5512"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-21T23:16:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An improper authorization vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed an authenticated attacker to determine the names of private repositories by their numeric ID. The mobile upload policy API endpoint did not perform an early authorization check, and validation error messages included the full repository name for repositories the caller did not have access to. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.21 and was fixed in versions 3.20.1, 3.19.5, 3.18.8, 3.17.14, 3.16.17, 3.15.21, and 3.14.26. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.",
"id": "GHSA-28fv-vpxc-gmp4",
"modified": "2026-04-29T15:30:36Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T00:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.14/admin/release-notes#3.14.26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.15/admin/release-notes#3.15.21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.16/admin/release-notes#3.16.17"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.17/admin/release-notes#3.17.14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.18/admin/release-notes#3.18.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.19/admin/release-notes#3.19.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.20/admin/release-notes#3.20.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-28WJ-H87J-W86H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-05-14 18:32HCL AION is affected by a vulnerability where sensitive backend infrastructure details may be exposed. Exposure of such information could reveal internal system architecture or configuration details, which may potentially assist in further analysis or targeted actions under certain conditions
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-62308"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T17:16:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "HCL AION is affected by a vulnerability where sensitive backend infrastructure details may be exposed. Exposure of such information could reveal internal system architecture or configuration details, which may potentially assist in further analysis or targeted actions under certain conditions",
"id": "GHSA-28wj-h87j-w86h",
"modified": "2026-05-14T18:32:56Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T18:32:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62308"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0130636"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-296J-G5J7-V64Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31The genucenter web interface before version 8.0p11 unnecessarily exposes sensitive SNMP authentication and encryption keys in its HTTP responses to users with the “Service” or “Admin” role.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T17:16:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The genucenter web interface before version 8.0p11 unnecessarily exposes sensitive SNMP authentication and encryption keys in its HTTP responses to users with the \u201cService\u201d or \u201cAdmin\u201d role.",
"id": "GHSA-296j-g5j7-v64q",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T18:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sbaresearch/advisories/tree/public/2026/SBA-ADV-20260424-01_Genucenter_Disclosure_of_SNMP_Credentials"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-29PR-6JR8-Q5JM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-21 22:31 – Updated: 2023-03-22 21:49Impact
When using the Django integration of the Sentry SDK in a specific configuration it is possible to leak sensitive cookies values, including the session cookie to Sentry. These sensitive cookies could then be used by someone with access to your Sentry issues to impersonate or escalate their privileges within your application.
The below must be true in order for these sensitive values to be leaked:
1. Your Sentry SDK configuration has sendDefaultPII set to True
2. You are using a custom name for either of the cookies below in your Django settings.
- SESSION_COOKIE_NAME or
- CSRF_COOKIE_NAME Django settings
3. You are not configured in your organization or project settings to use our data scrubbing features to account for the custom cookie names
Patches
As of version 1.14.0, the Django integration of the sentry-sdk will detect the custom cookie names based on your Django settings and will remove the values from the payload before sending the data to Sentry.
Workarounds
If you can not update your sentry-sdk to a patched version than you can use the SDKs filtering mechanism to remove the cookies from the payload that is sent to Sentry. For error events this can be done with the before_send callback method and for performance related events (transactions) you can use the before_send_transaction callback method.
If you'd like to handle filtering of these values on the server-side, you can also use our advanced data scrubbing feature to account for the custom cookie names. Look for the $http.cookies, $http.headers, $request.cookies, or $request.headers fields to target with your scrubbing rule.
References
Credits
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "sentry-sdk"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.14.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-28117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201",
"CWE-209"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-03-21T22:31:19Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-22T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nWhen using the [Django integration](https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/python/guides/django/) of the Sentry SDK in a specific configuration it is possible to leak sensitive cookies values, including the session cookie to Sentry. These sensitive cookies could then be used by someone with access to your Sentry issues to impersonate or escalate their privileges within your application.\n\nThe below must be true in order for these sensitive values to be leaked:\n1. Your Sentry SDK configuration has `sendDefaultPII` set to `True`\n2. You are using a custom name for either of the cookies below in your Django settings.\n - [`SESSION_COOKIE_NAME`](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#std-setting-SESSION_COOKIE_NAME) or \n - [`CSRF_COOKIE_NAME`](https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.1/ref/settings/#std-setting-CSRF_COOKIE_NAME) Django settings\n3. You are not configured in your organization or project settings to use [our data scrubbing features](https://docs.sentry.io/product/data-management-settings/scrubbing/) to account for the custom cookie names\n\n### Patches\nAs of version `1.14.0`, the Django integration of the `sentry-sdk` will detect the custom cookie names based on your Django settings and will remove the values from the payload _before_ sending the data to Sentry.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf you can not update your `sentry-sdk` to a patched version than you can use the SDKs filtering mechanism to remove the cookies from the payload that is sent to Sentry. For error events this can be done with the [before_send](https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/python/configuration/filtering/#using-platformidentifier-namebefore-send-) callback method and for performance related events (transactions) you can use the [before_send_transaction](https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/python/configuration/filtering/#using-platformidentifier-namebefore-send-transaction-) callback method.\n\nIf you\u0027d like to handle filtering of these values on the server-side, you can also use our [advanced data scrubbing feature](https://docs.sentry.io/product/data-management-settings/scrubbing/advanced-datascrubbing/) to account for the custom cookie names. Look for the `$http.cookies`, `$http.headers`, `$request.cookies`, or `$request.headers` fields to target with your scrubbing rule.\n\n### References\n- [Using Your Tools Against You (Chapter8 Blog Post)](https://medium.com/@tomwolters/using-your-tools-against-you-cea4d2482ebb)\n- [Sentry Python SDK Filtering](https://docs.sentry.io/platforms/python/configuration/filtering/)\n- [Sentry Data Scrubbing](https://docs.sentry.io/product/data-management-settings/scrubbing/advanced-datascrubbing/)\n\n### Credits\n- [Tom Wolters (Chapter8)](https://chapter8.com)\n",
"id": "GHSA-29pr-6jr8-q5jm",
"modified": "2023-03-22T21:49:38Z",
"published": "2023-03-21T22:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-python/security/advisories/GHSA-29pr-6jr8-q5jm"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-python/pull/1842"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-python"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getsentry/sentry-python/releases/tag/1.14.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Sentry SDK leaks sensitive session information when `sendDefaultPII` is set to `True`"
}
GHSA-2F8P-X8RH-RM7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-27 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-27 18:31A vulnerability in the REST API endpoints of Cisco Nexus Dashboard and Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller (NDFC) could allow an authenticated, low-privileged, remote attacker to view sensitive information or upload and modify files on an affected device.
This vulnerability exists because of missing authorization controls on some REST API endpoints. An attacker could exploit th vulnerability by sending crafted API requests to an affected endpoint. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform limited Administrator functions, such as accessing sensitive information regarding HTTP Proxy and NTP configurations, uploading images, and damaging image files on an affected device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-20348"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-201"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-27T17:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the REST API endpoints of Cisco Nexus Dashboard and Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller (NDFC) could allow an authenticated, low-privileged, remote attacker to view sensitive information or upload and modify files on an affected device.\n\nThis vulnerability exists because of missing authorization controls on some REST API endpoints. An attacker could exploit th vulnerability by sending crafted API requests to an affected endpoint. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform limited Administrator functions, such as accessing sensitive information regarding HTTP Proxy and NTP configurations, uploading images, and damaging image files on an affected device.",
"id": "GHSA-2f8p-x8rh-rm7r",
"modified": "2025-08-27T18:31:54Z",
"published": "2025-08-27T18:31:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-nshs-urapi-gJuBVFpu"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Specify which data in the software should be regarded as sensitive. Consider which types of users should have access to which types of data.
Mitigation
Ensure that any possibly sensitive data specified in the requirements is verified with designers to ensure that it is either a calculated risk or mitigated elsewhere. Any information that is not necessary to the functionality should be removed in order to lower both the overhead and the possibility of security sensitive data being sent.
Mitigation
Setup default error messages so that unexpected errors do not disclose sensitive information.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-217: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured SSL/TLS
An adversary takes advantage of incorrectly configured SSL/TLS communications that enables access to data intended to be encrypted. The adversary may also use this type of attack to inject commands or other traffic into the encrypted stream to cause compromise of either the client or server.
CAPEC-612: WiFi MAC Address Tracking
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively listens for WiFi messages and logs the associated Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. These addresses are intended to be unique to each wireless device (although they can be configured and changed by software). Once the attacker is able to associate a MAC address with a particular user or set of users (for example, when attending a public event), the attacker can then scan for that MAC address to track that user in the future.
CAPEC-613: WiFi SSID Tracking
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively listens for WiFi management frame messages containing the Service Set Identifier (SSID) for the WiFi network. These messages are frequently transmitted by WiFi access points (e.g., the retransmission device) as well as by clients that are accessing the network (e.g., the handset/mobile device). Once the attacker is able to associate an SSID with a particular user or set of users (for example, when attending a public event), the attacker can then scan for this SSID to track that user in the future.
CAPEC-618: Cellular Broadcast Message Request
In this attack scenario, the attacker uses knowledge of the target’s mobile phone number (i.e., the number associated with the SIM used in the retransmission device) to cause the cellular network to send broadcast messages to alert the mobile device. Since the network knows which cell tower the target’s mobile device is attached to, the broadcast messages are only sent in the Location Area Code (LAC) where the target is currently located. By triggering the cellular broadcast message and then listening for the presence or absence of that message, an attacker could verify that the target is in (or not in) a given location.
CAPEC-619: Signal Strength Tracking
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively monitors the signal strength of the target’s cellular RF signal or WiFi RF signal and uses the strength of the signal (with directional antennas and/or from multiple listening points at once) to identify the source location of the signal. Obtaining the signal of the target can be accomplished through multiple techniques such as through Cellular Broadcast Message Request or through the use of IMSI Tracking or WiFi MAC Address Tracking.
CAPEC-621: Analysis of Packet Timing and Sizes
An attacker may intercept and log encrypted transmissions for the purpose of analyzing metadata such as packet timing and sizes. Although the actual data may be encrypted, this metadata may reveal valuable information to an attacker. Note that this attack is applicable to VOIP data as well as application data, especially for interactive apps that require precise timing and low-latency (e.g. thin-clients).
CAPEC-622: Electromagnetic Side-Channel Attack
In this attack scenario, the attacker passively monitors electromagnetic emanations that are produced by the targeted electronic device as an unintentional side-effect of its processing. From these emanations, the attacker derives information about the data that is being processed (e.g. the attacker can recover cryptographic keys by monitoring emanations associated with cryptographic processing). This style of attack requires proximal access to the device, however attacks have been demonstrated at public conferences that work at distances of up to 10-15 feet. There have not been any significant studies to determine the maximum practical distance for such attacks. Since the attack is passive, it is nearly impossible to detect and the targeted device will continue to operate as normal after a successful attack.
CAPEC-623: Compromising Emanations Attack
Compromising Emanations (CE) are defined as unintentional signals which an attacker may intercept and analyze to disclose the information processed by the targeted equipment. Commercial mobile devices and retransmission devices have displays, buttons, microchips, and radios that emit mechanical emissions in the form of sound or vibrations. Capturing these emissions can help an adversary understand what the device is doing.