CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5243 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7MJX-95CJ-9WPM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-23 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:32Totolink EX1200L router is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the login functionality in cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint. This vulnerability could be exploited to cause the program to crash and to execute code remotely. This allows the attacker to perform actions as root including reading and editing data, as well as bricking the router.
Because vendor contact attempts were unsuccessful, the vulnerability has only been confirmed in version 9.3.5u.6146_B20201023 but may also affect other versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T13:16:40Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Totolink\u00a0EX1200L router is vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the login functionality in\u00a0cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi endpoint.\u00a0This vulnerability could be exploited to cause the program to crash and to execute code remotely. This allows the attacker to perform actions as root including reading and editing data, as well as bricking the router.\n\nBecause vendor contact attempts were unsuccessful, the vulnerability has only been confirmed in version 9.3.5u.6146_B20201023 but may also affect other versions.",
"id": "GHSA-7mjx-95cj-9wpm",
"modified": "2026-06-23T15:32:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-23T15:32:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2026/06/CVE-2026-44089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_listtpl/download/id/217/ids/36.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MRX-37FJ-85QG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 18:30 – Updated: 2024-05-01 18:30An unauthenticated Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the Auth service accessed via the PAPI protocol provided by ArubaOS. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the ability to interrupt the normal operation of the controller.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33516"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T17:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the Auth service accessed via the PAPI protocol provided by ArubaOS. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the ability to interrupt the normal operation of the controller.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-7mrx-37fj-85qg",
"modified": "2024-05-01T18:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T18:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33516"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2024-004.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7MWH-9FW5-9PMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-30 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-05 03:31CVE-2026-33447 is a buffer overflow in a message parsing function of the Secure Access client prior to 14.50. Attackers with control of a modified server can send a special packet that can overwrite a small portion of memory conceivably leading to memory corruption or denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33447"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-30T20:16:23Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "CVE-2026-33447 is a buffer overflow in a message parsing function of the\n Secure Access client prior to 14.50. Attackers with control of a \nmodified server can send a special packet that can overwrite a small \nportion of memory conceivably leading to memory corruption or denial of \nservice.",
"id": "GHSA-7mwh-9fw5-9pmc",
"modified": "2026-05-05T03:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-04-30T21:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33447"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.absolute.com/platform/security-information/vulnerability-archive/cve-2026-33447"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P3H-RRXF-82F3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 21:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_utc, at 0x9d0193ac, the value for the offset key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x2d0.This buffer is 100 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16289"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_utc, at 0x9d0193ac, the value for the `offset` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x2d0`.This buffer is 100 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-7p3h-rrxf-82f3",
"modified": "2023-01-19T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P55-F535-V7G3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DIR-X3260 prog.cgi SetTriggerPPPoEValidate Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-X3260 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21672.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51622"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:16:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-X3260 prog.cgi SetTriggerPPPoEValidate Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-X3260 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-size stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21672.",
"id": "GHSA-7p55-f535-v7g3",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51622"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10365"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-042"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P64-F72W-3RPR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-13 21:31HMS Networks Ewon Flexy with firmware before 15.0s4, Cosy+ with firmware 22.xx before 22.1s6, and Cosy+ with firmware 23.xx before 23.0s3 have a stack buffer overflow that leads to a Denial of Service, which can also be exploited to achieve Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25823"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-13T19:54:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "HMS Networks Ewon Flexy with firmware before 15.0s4, Cosy+ with firmware 22.xx before 22.1s6, and Cosy+ with firmware 23.xx before 23.0s3 have a stack buffer overflow that leads to a Denial of Service, which can also be exploited to achieve Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution.",
"id": "GHSA-7p64-f72w-3rpr",
"modified": "2026-03-13T21:31:46Z",
"published": "2026-03-13T21:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25823"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hmsnetworks.blob.core.windows.net/nlw/docs/default-source/products/cybersecurity/security-advisory/hms-security-advisory-2026-03-09-001---ewon-several-flexy-and-cosy--vulnerabilities.pdf?sfvrsn=f7c027b8_13"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hms-networks.com/p/flexy20500-00ma-ewon-flexy-205"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7P75-39P6-7499
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 06:31 – Updated: 2026-01-23 06:31ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter SIP INVITE Replaces Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of the Replaces header of SIP INVITE requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-28300.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0791"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T04:16:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter SIP INVITE Replaces Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of ALGO 8180 IP Audio Alerter devices. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of the Replaces header of SIP INVITE requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-28300.",
"id": "GHSA-7p75-39p6-7499",
"modified": "2026-01-23T06:31:25Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T06:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-013"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7PMG-VMJ4-QJP4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-26 09:30Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: DML). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.34 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21053"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-16T22:15:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: DML). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.34 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-7pmg-vmj4-qjp4",
"modified": "2024-04-26T09:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-04-17T00:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21053"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240426-0012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7PQW-F6RF-898V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DIR-X3260 prog.cgi SetWanSettings Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-X3260 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21594.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51617"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:16:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-X3260 prog.cgi SetWanSettings Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DIR-X3260 routers. Authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the prog.cgi binary, which handles HNAP requests made to the lighttpd webserver listening on TCP ports 80 and 443. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-21594.",
"id": "GHSA-7pqw-f6rf-898v",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:10Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10365"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-037"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7Q29-7R79-PG2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:40TOTOLINK CPE CP450 v4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the setIpQosRules function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:38:33Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK CPE CP450 v4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in the setIpQosRules function.",
"id": "GHSA-7q29-7r79-pg2f",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:40:52Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n0wstr/IOTVuln/tree/main/CP450/setIpQosRules"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.