CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5243 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-5HXX-P89V-JXC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:31Exim SMTP Challenge Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Exim. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of NTLM challenge requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-17515.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42116"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Exim SMTP Challenge Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Exim. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of NTLM challenge requests. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the service account. Was ZDI-CAN-17515.",
"id": "GHSA-5hxx-p89v-jxc7",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:29Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/10/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1470"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5J3V-R3RH-6VH7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-07 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-13 18:31Bentley Systems MicroStation Connect versions 10.17.0.209 and prior are vulnerable to a Stack-Based Buffer Overflow when a malformed design (DGN) file is parsed. This may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40201"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-06T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Bentley Systems MicroStation Connect versions 10.17.0.209 and prior are vulnerable to a Stack-Based Buffer Overflow when a malformed design (DGN) file is parsed. This may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-5j3v-r3rh-6vh7",
"modified": "2025-02-13T18:31:21Z",
"published": "2023-01-07T00:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bentley.com/advisories/be-2023-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-293-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5J9X-J6C3-RWXP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-12 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-12 21:31A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] in Fortinet FortiWeb CLI version 7.6.0 through 7.6.3 and before 7.4.8 allows a privileged attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via crafted CLI commands
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-32766"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-12T19:15:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] in Fortinet FortiWeb CLI version 7.6.0 through 7.6.3 and before 7.4.8 allows a privileged attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via crafted CLI commands",
"id": "GHSA-5j9x-j6c3-rwxp",
"modified": "2025-08-12T21:31:20Z",
"published": "2025-08-12T21:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-383"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JG4-PX58-GHQ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-17 21:31 – Updated: 2026-02-20 15:31TOTOLINK A3002RU_V3 V3.0.0-B20220304.1804 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow via the static_ipv6 parameter in the formIpv6Setup function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-26736"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-17T19:21:57Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK A3002RU_V3 V3.0.0-B20220304.1804 was discovered to contain a stack-based buffer overflow via the static_ipv6 parameter in the formIpv6Setup function.",
"id": "GHSA-5jg4-px58-ghq6",
"modified": "2026-02-20T15:31:00Z",
"published": "2026-02-17T21:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26736"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/0xmania/cve/tree/main/TOTOLINK-A3002RUV3.0-boa-formIpv6Setup-StackOverflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JG8-H8FR-865F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-28 00:32 – Updated: 2024-08-28 00:32A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda G3 15.11.0.20. Affected is the function formSetSysTime of the file /goform/SetSysTimeCfg. The manipulation of the argument sysTimePolicy leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8225"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-27T23:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Tenda G3 15.11.0.20. Affected is the function formSetSysTime of the file /goform/SetSysTimeCfg. The manipulation of the argument sysTimePolicy leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-5jg8-h8fr-865f",
"modified": "2024-08-28T00:32:15Z",
"published": "2024-08-28T00:32:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/AHU-IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/G3V3.0/formSetSysTime.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.275934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.275934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.394000"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JGQ-VCW8-3624
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-29 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-29 15:30A vulnerability was found in Totolink N200RE 9.3.5u.6139_B20201216 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setOpModeCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument pppoeUser leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-252266 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0997"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-29T13:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Totolink N200RE 9.3.5u.6139_B20201216 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function setOpModeCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. The manipulation of the argument pppoeUser leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-252266 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-5jgq-vcw8-3624",
"modified": "2024-01-29T15:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-01-29T15:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jylsec.notion.site/TOTOLINK-N200RE-has-stack-buffer-overflow-vulnerability-in-setOpModeCfg-9faac02b13d84bd3b7fe84aab68c7add?pvs=4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.252266"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.252266"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JH4-MG5M-84H8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-08 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-08 21:31Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda FH451 V1.0.0.9 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the list1 parameter of the fromDhcpListClient function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-36786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-08T16:16:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda FH451 V1.0.0.9 was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the list1 parameter of the fromDhcpListClient function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-5jh4-mg5m-84h8",
"modified": "2026-06-08T21:31:49Z",
"published": "2026-06-08T18:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-36786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xhh0124/SemVulLLM/tree/main/FH451/fromDhcpListClient_1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JPG-PVQP-H5CM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-25 15:31 – Updated: 2026-03-25 18:31A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the P2P API service in BS Producten Petcam with firmware 33.1.0.0818 allows unauthenticated attackers within network range to overwrite the instruction pointer and achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) by sending a specially crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-51348"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-25T14:16:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the P2P API service in BS Producten Petcam with firmware 33.1.0.0818 allows unauthenticated attackers within network range to overwrite the instruction pointer and achieve Remote Code Execution (RCE) by sending a specially crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-5jpg-pvqp-h5cm",
"modified": "2026-03-25T18:31:46Z",
"published": "2026-03-25T15:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/victorGoeman/BS-Producten-Petcam-Security-Research/blob/main/CVE-2024-51348.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/victorGoeman/BS-Producten-Petcam-Security-Research/blob/main/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JQC-R6H2-3M9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-13 09:31CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability exists that could cause local attackers being able to exploit these issues to potentially execute arbitrary code while the end user opens a malicious project file (SSD file) provided by the attacker.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-3916"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T09:15:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow\u2009vulnerability exists\u2009that could cause\u2009local attackers being able to\nexploit these issues to potentially execute arbitrary code\u2009while the end user opens a malicious project file (SSD\nfile) provided by the attacker.",
"id": "GHSA-5jqc-r6h2-3m9j",
"modified": "2025-05-13T09:31:09Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T09:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2025-133-03\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2025-133-03.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5JRG-VF8F-2H5C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-23 15:30 – Updated: 2023-02-06 15:30** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** TrendNet Wireless AC Easy-Upgrader TEW-820AP v1.0R, firmware version 1.01.B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the submit-url parameter at /formNewSchedule. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted payload. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-47065"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-23T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** TrendNet Wireless AC Easy-Upgrader TEW-820AP v1.0R, firmware version 1.01.B01 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the submit-url parameter at /formNewSchedule. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted payload. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
"id": "GHSA-5jrg-vf8f-2h5c",
"modified": "2023-02-06T15:30:24Z",
"published": "2023-01-23T15:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-47065"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chunklhit/cve/blob/master/TRENDNet/TEW-820AP/01/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.