CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5241 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4FVX-2MXH-X7V7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-11 00:32 – Updated: 2025-02-07 21:30A Stack-Based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved may allow a local, low-privileged attacker with access to the CLI the ability to load a malicious certificate file, leading to a limited Denial of Service (DoS) or privileged code execution.
By exploiting the 'set security certificates' command with a crafted certificate file, a malicious attacker with access to the CLI could cause a crash of the command management daemon (mgd), limited to the local user's command interpreter, or potentially trigger a stack-based buffer overflow.
This issue affects:
Junos OS:
- All versions before 21.4R3-S7,
- from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S6,
- from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S4,
- from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S3,
- from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S2,
- from 23.2 before 23.2R2,
- from 23.4 before 23.4R1-S1, 23.4R2;
Junos OS Evolved:
- All versions before 21.4R3-S7-EVO,
- from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S6-EVO,
- from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S4-EVO,
- from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S3-EVO,
- from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S2-EVO,
- from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO,
- from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R1-S1-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39556"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-10T23:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Stack-Based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved may allow a local, low-privileged attacker with access to the CLI the ability to load a malicious certificate file, leading to a limited Denial of Service (DoS) or privileged code execution.\n\nBy exploiting the \u0027set security certificates\u0027 command with a crafted certificate file, a malicious attacker with access to the CLI could cause a crash of the command management daemon (mgd), limited to the local user\u0027s command interpreter, or potentially trigger a stack-based buffer overflow.\n\n\nThis issue affects:\n\n\u00a0Junos OS: \n\n\n * All versions before 21.4R3-S7, \n * from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S6, \n * from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S4, \n * from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S3, \n * from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S2, \n * from 23.2 before 23.2R2, \n * from 23.4 before 23.4R1-S1, 23.4R2;\u00a0\n\n\n\n\nJunos OS Evolved: \n\n\n * All versions before 21.4R3-S7-EVO, \n * from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S6-EVO, \n * from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S4-EVO, \n * from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S3-EVO, \n * from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R3-S2-EVO, \n * from 23.2-EVO before 23.2R2-EVO, \n * from 23.4-EVO before 23.4R1-S1-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.",
"id": "GHSA-4fvx-2mxh-x7v7",
"modified": "2025-02-07T21:30:59Z",
"published": "2024-07-11T00:32:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39556"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA83016"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G76-5VRV-JPC9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-19 21:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_ch, at 0x9d01b7b0, the value for the ch key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x334.This buffer is 100 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd s_ch, at 0x9d01b7b0, the value for the `ch` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x334`.This buffer is 100 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-4g76-5vrv-jpc9",
"modified": "2023-01-19T21:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4G9W-6F9W-CJC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-07 15:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:39MP-SPDZ v0.3.8 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function OTExtensionWithMatrix::extend in /OT/OTExtensionWithMatrix.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33782"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-07T14:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "MP-SPDZ v0.3.8 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function OTExtensionWithMatrix::extend in /OT/OTExtensionWithMatrix.cpp. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted message.",
"id": "GHSA-4g9w-6f9w-cjc7",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:39:20Z",
"published": "2024-05-07T15:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FudanMPL/Vulnerabilities-in-MPC-Framework/tree/main/MP-SPDZ/stack-buffer-overflow-OTExtensionWithMatrix"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4GHP-C9J4-934J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-12 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the "cc" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd l_b, at 0x9d015cfc, the value for the grp key is copied using strcpy to the buffer at $sp+0x1b4.This buffer is 8 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16264"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-11T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple exploitable buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the PubNub message handler for the \"cc\" channel of Insteon Hub running firmware version 1012. Specially crafted commands sent through the PubNub service can cause a stack-based buffer overflow overwriting arbitrary data. An attacker should send an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability. In cmd l_b, at 0x9d015cfc, the value for the `grp` key is copied using `strcpy` to the buffer at `$sp+0x1b4`.This buffer is 8 bytes large, sending anything longer will cause a buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-4ghp-c9j4-934j",
"modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-01-12T00:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16264"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0483"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4GXQ-MQGW-J2WW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 18:30In sprd_sysdump driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service in kernel.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39116"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-04T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In sprd_sysdump driver, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service in kernel.",
"id": "GHSA-4gxq-mqgw-j2ww",
"modified": "2023-01-10T18:30:28Z",
"published": "2023-01-04T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39116"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1610118225591336001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4H5R-R8CJ-6RJ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-14 00:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 00:30An issue was discovered in Mercedes Benz NTG (New Telematics Generation) 6 through 2021. A possible stack buffer overflow in the Service Broker service affects NTG 6 head units. To perform this attack, physical access to Ethernet pins of the head unit base board is needed. With a static IP address, an attacker can connect via the internal network to the Service Broker service. With prepared HTTP requests, an attacker can cause the Service-Broker service to fail.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37600"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-13T23:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Mercedes Benz NTG (New Telematics Generation) 6 through 2021. A possible stack buffer overflow in the Service Broker service affects NTG 6 head units. To perform this attack, physical access to Ethernet pins of the head unit base board is needed. With a static IP address, an attacker can connect via the internal network to the Service Broker service. With prepared HTTP requests, an attacker can cause the Service-Broker service to fail.",
"id": "GHSA-4h5r-r8cj-6rj3",
"modified": "2025-02-14T00:30:44Z",
"published": "2025-02-14T00:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37600"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://securelist.com/mercedes-benz-head-unit-security-research/115218"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4H6C-RHPP-Q86H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-20 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-20 21:30A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the SonicOS SSLVPN service allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS), which could cause an impacted firewall to crash.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-40601"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-20T15:17:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the SonicOS SSLVPN service allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS), which could cause an impacted firewall to crash.",
"id": "GHSA-4h6c-rhpp-q86h",
"modified": "2025-11-20T21:30:31Z",
"published": "2025-11-20T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40601"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0016"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4H6J-2WPQ-2XV2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-21 15:31 – Updated: 2024-05-21 15:31Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices allows, in some cases, the execution of arbitrary code. Due to the lack of protection mechanisms such as stack canaries and PIE, it is possible to successfully execute code even under restrictive conditions.
This issue affects ZkTeco-based OEM devices (ZkTeco ProFace X, Smartec ST-FR043, Smartec ST-FR041ME and possibly others)
with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and possibly others.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-3943"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-21T14:15:11Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices allows, in some cases, the execution of arbitrary code. Due to the lack of protection mechanisms such as stack canaries and PIE, it is possible to successfully execute code even under restrictive conditions.\n\nThis issue affects \nZkTeco-based OEM devices (ZkTeco ProFace X, Smartec ST-FR043, Smartec ST-FR041ME and possibly others)\n\n with firmware \nZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and possibly others.",
"id": "GHSA-4h6j-2wpq-2xv2",
"modified": "2024-05-21T15:31:38Z",
"published": "2024-05-21T15:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3943"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/klsecservices/Advisories/blob/master/K-ZkTeco-2023-006.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HR5-8PR2-WX36
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-27 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-06 00:31Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TRENDnet Trendnet AC1200 TEW-821DAP with firmware version 3.00b06 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the adm_mod_pwd action.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-51147"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-26T22:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer Overflow vulnerability in TRENDnet Trendnet AC1200 TEW-821DAP with firmware version 3.00b06 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the adm_mod_pwd action.",
"id": "GHSA-4hr5-8pr2-wx36",
"modified": "2024-08-06T00:31:20Z",
"published": "2024-03-27T00:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/SpikeReply/advisories/blob/main/cve/trendnet/cve-2023-51147.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HVH-86Q3-7H55
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2025-02-06 21:32A maliciously crafted X_B file when parsed through Autodesk® AutoCAD® 2023 can be used to write beyond the allocated buffer causing a Stack Buffer Overflow. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash or read sensitive data or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27914"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-14T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted X_B file when parsed through Autodesk\u00ae AutoCAD\u00ae 2023 can be used to write beyond the allocated buffer causing a Stack Buffer Overflow. A malicious actor can leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash or read sensitive data or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-4hvh-86q3-7h55",
"modified": "2025-02-06T21:32:00Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T19:24:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27914"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2023-0005"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.