CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5237 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-357J-C5MQ-XW8C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-08 18:33 – Updated: 2024-10-08 18:33Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43549"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-08T18:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-357j-c5mq-xw8c",
"modified": "2024-10-08T18:33:16Z",
"published": "2024-10-08T18:33:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43549"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-43549"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3584-VVM3-84X2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9205 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 133:
else if (tag==133) //0x85
{
curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54494"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:36Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9205 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 133:\n\n else if (tag==133) //0x85\n {\n curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);",
"id": "GHSA-3584-vvm3-84x2",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54494"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-35HR-69CJ-V3X3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-08 00:31 – Updated: 2024-06-08 00:31GStreamer AV1 Video Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. Interaction with this library is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on the implementation.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of tile list data within AV1-encoded video files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22873.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0444"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-07T23:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GStreamer AV1 Video Parsing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. Interaction with this library is required to exploit this vulnerability but attack vectors may vary depending on the implementation.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of tile list data within AV1-encoded video files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-22873.",
"id": "GHSA-35hr-69cj-v3x3",
"modified": "2024-06-08T00:31:46Z",
"published": "2024-06-08T00:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/commit/f368d63ecd89e01fd2cf0b1c4def5fc782b2c390"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-567"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-364R-PP53-5C48
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 18:30 – Updated: 2024-05-01 18:30An unauthenticated Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the Radio Frequency Manager service accessed via the PAPI protocol. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the ability to interrupt the normal operation of the affected service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33517"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T17:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated Denial-of-Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the Radio Frequency Manager service accessed via the PAPI protocol. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability results in the ability to interrupt the normal operation of the affected service.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-364r-pp53-5c48",
"modified": "2024-05-01T18:30:42Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T18:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2024-004.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-36GP-JMC7-9MRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 18:32 – Updated: 2023-11-01 18:30TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formParentControl.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46553"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T18:17:39Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK X2000R Gh v1.0.0-B20230221.0948.web was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the function formParentControl.",
"id": "GHSA-36gp-jmc7-9mrv",
"modified": "2023-11-01T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T18:32:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46553"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/XYIYM/Digging/blob/main/TOTOLINK/X2000R/5/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://totolink.cn/home/menu/detail.html?menu_listtpl=download\u0026id=85\u0026ids=36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-36HQ-XX3Q-26MM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_dmvpn function with the gre_ip and the gre_mask variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25103"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_dmvpn function with the gre_ip and the gre_mask variables.",
"id": "GHSA-36hq-xx3q-26mm",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3737-PRH2-4M4P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 04:01 – Updated: 2022-05-14 04:01The http.c:skip_short_body() function is called in some circumstances, such as when processing redirects. When the response is sent chunked in wget before 1.19.2, the chunk parser uses strtol() to read each chunk's length, but doesn't check that the chunk length is a non-negative number. The code then tries to skip the chunk in pieces of 512 bytes by using the MIN() macro, but ends up passing the negative chunk length to connect.c:fd_read(). As fd_read() takes an int argument, the high 32 bits of the chunk length are discarded, leaving fd_read() with a completely attacker controlled length argument.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-27T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The http.c:skip_short_body() function is called in some circumstances, such as when processing redirects. When the response is sent chunked in wget before 1.19.2, the chunk parser uses strtol() to read each chunk\u0027s length, but doesn\u0027t check that the chunk length is a non-negative number. The code then tries to skip the chunk in pieces of 512 bytes by using the MIN() macro, but ends up passing the negative chunk length to connect.c:fd_read(). As fd_read() takes an int argument, the high 32 bits of the chunk length are discarded, leaving fd_read() with a completely attacker controlled length argument.",
"id": "GHSA-3737-prh2-4m4p",
"modified": "2022-05-14T04:01:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T04:01:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:3075"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/r1b/CVE-2017-13089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201711-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/support/security/Synology_SA_17_62_Wget"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.viestintavirasto.fi/en/cybersecurity/vulnerabilities/2017/haavoittuvuus-2017-037.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/wget.git/commit/?id=d892291fb8ace4c3b734ea5125770989c215df3f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101592"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039661"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-37CP-7RHH-2VCP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31NETGEAR CAX30 SSO Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR CAX30 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the sso binary. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19058.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44445"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:16:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NETGEAR CAX30 SSO Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR CAX30 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the sso binary. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-19058.",
"id": "GHSA-37cp-7rhh-2vcp",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:05Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000065859/Security-Advisory-for-Pre-authentication-Buffer-Overflow-on-the-CAX30-PSV-2023-0093"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1636"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-37FW-J45G-2RH2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-21 06:32 – Updated: 2024-08-21 06:32Stack-based buffer overflow in Control FPWIN Pro version 7.7.2.0 and all previous versions may allow attackers to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted project file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7013"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-21T06:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in Control FPWIN Pro version 7.7.2.0 and all previous versions may allow attackers to execute arbitrary code via a specially crafted project file.",
"id": "GHSA-37fw-j45g-2rh2",
"modified": "2024-08-21T06:32:18Z",
"published": "2024-08-21T06:32:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7013"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://industry.panasonic.com/jp/ja/products/fasys/plc/software/fpwinpro7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://industry.panasonic.eu/products/automation-devices-solutions/programmable-logic-controllers-plc/plc-software/programming-software-control-fpwin-pro"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-37R4-PPPH-4WWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-13 18:32 – Updated: 2025-03-13 18:32During login to the web server in "Sante PACS Server.exe", OpenSSL function EVP_DecryptUpdate is called to decrypt the username and password. A fixed 0x80-byte stack-based buffer is passed to the function as the output buffer. A stack-based buffer overflow exists if a long encrypted username or password is supplied by an unauthenticated remote attacker.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-2263"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-13T17:15:38Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "During login to the web server in \"Sante PACS Server.exe\", OpenSSL function EVP_DecryptUpdate is called to decrypt the username and password. A fixed 0x80-byte stack-based buffer is passed to the function as the output buffer. A stack-based buffer overflow exists if a long encrypted username or password is supplied by an unauthenticated remote attacker.",
"id": "GHSA-37r4-ppph-4wwq",
"modified": "2025-03-13T18:32:23Z",
"published": "2025-03-13T18:32:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2263"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2025-08"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.