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    <link>https://vulnerability.circl.lu</link>
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    <lastBuildDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2026 10:32:59 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>CVE-2025-12058 — Vulnerability in Keras Model.load_model Leading to Arbitrary Local File Loading and SSRF</title>
      <link>https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2025-12058</link>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Affected:&lt;/strong&gt; Keras&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Keras.Model.load_model method, including when executed with the intended security mitigation safe_mode=True, is vulnerable to arbitrary local file loading and Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This vulnerability stems from the way the StringLookup layer is handled during model loading from a specially crafted .keras archive. The constructor for the StringLookup layer accepts a vocabulary argument that can specify a local file path or a remote file path.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;*  Arbitrary Local File Read: An attacker can create a malicious .keras file that embeds a local path in the StringLookup layer&amp;#39;s configuration. When the model is loaded, Keras will attempt to read the content of the specified local file and incorporate it into the model state (e.g., retrievable via get_vocabulary()), allowing an attacker to read arbitrary local files on the hosting system.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;*  Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): Keras utilizes tf.io.gfile for file operations. Since tf.io.gfile supports remote filesystem handlers (such as GCS and HDFS) and HTTP/HTTPS protocols, the same mechanism can be leveraged to fetch content from arbitrary network endpoints on the server&amp;#39;s behalf, resulting in an SSRF condition.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The security issue is that the feature allowing external path loading was not properly restricted by the safe_mode=True flag, which was intended to prevent such unintended data access.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Affected:&lt;/strong&gt; Keras&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Keras.Model.load_model method, including when executed with the intended security mitigation safe_mode=True, is vulnerable to arbitrary local file loading and Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This vulnerability stems from the way the StringLookup layer is handled during model loading from a specially crafted .keras archive. The constructor for the StringLookup layer accepts a vocabulary argument that can specify a local file path or a remote file path.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;*  Arbitrary Local File Read: An attacker can create a malicious .keras file that embeds a local path in the StringLookup layer&amp;#39;s configuration. When the model is loaded, Keras will attempt to read the content of the specified local file and incorporate it into the model state (e.g., retrievable via get_vocabulary()), allowing an attacker to read arbitrary local files on the hosting system.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;*  Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): Keras utilizes tf.io.gfile for file operations. Since tf.io.gfile supports remote filesystem handlers (such as GCS and HDFS) and HTTP/HTTPS protocols, the same mechanism can be leveraged to fetch content from arbitrary network endpoints on the server&amp;#39;s behalf, resulting in an SSRF condition.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The security issue is that the feature allowing external path loading was not properly restricted by the safe_mode=True flag, which was intended to prevent such unintended data access.&lt;/p&gt;</content:encoded>
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