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  <updated>2026-10-02T17:43:33.329585+00:00</updated>
  <author>
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    <email>info@circl.lu</email>
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  <entry>
    <id>https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2026-23401</id>
    <title>CVE-2026-23401 — KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE</title>
    <updated>2026-10-02T17:43:33.367276+00:00</updated>
    <content type="xhtml">
      <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p><strong>Affected:</strong> Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 and 7 more</p>
<p>In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:</p>
<p>KVM: x86/mmu: Drop/zap existing present SPTE even when creating an MMIO SPTE</p>
<p>When installing an emulated MMIO SPTE, do so *after* dropping/zapping the
existing SPTE (if it's shadow-present).  While commit a54aa15c6bda3 was
right about it being impossible to convert a shadow-present SPTE to an
MMIO SPTE due to a _guest_ write, it failed to account for writes to guest
memory that are outside the scope of KVM.</p>
<p>E.g. if host userspace modifies a shadowed gPTE to switch from a memslot
to emulted MMIO and then the guest hits a relevant page fault, KVM will
install the MMIO SPTE without first zapping the shadow-present SPTE.</p>
<p>------------[ cut here ]------------
  is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep)
  WARNING: arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c:484 at mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm], CPU#0: vmx_ept_stale_r/4292
  Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass
  CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 4292 Comm: vmx_ept_stale_r Not tainted 7.0.0-rc2-eafebd2d2ab0-sink-vm #319 PREEMPT
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015
  RIP: 0010:mark_mmio_spte+0xb2/0xc0 [kvm]
  Call Trace:
   &lt;TASK&gt;
   mmu_set_spte+0x237/0x440 [kvm]
   ept_page_fault+0x535/0x7f0 [kvm]
   kvm_mmu_do_page_fault+0xee/0x1f0 [kvm]
   kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x8d/0x620 [kvm]
   vmx_handle_exit+0x18c/0x5a0 [kvm_intel]
   kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc55/0x1c20 [kvm]
   kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x980 [kvm]
   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0
   do_syscall_64+0xb5/0x730…</p></div>
    </content>
    <link href="https://vulnerability.circl.lu/vuln/cve-2026-23401"/>
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