{"@ID": "177", "@Name": "Improper Handling of URL Encoding (Hex Encoding)", "@Abstraction": "Variant", "@Structure": "Simple", "@Status": "Draft", "Description": "The product does not properly handle when all or part of an input has been URL encoded.", "Related_Weaknesses": {"Related_Weakness": {"@Nature": "ChildOf", "@CWE_ID": "172", "@View_ID": "1000", "@Ordinal": "Primary"}}, "Weakness_Ordinalities": {"Weakness_Ordinality": {"Ordinality": "Primary"}}, "Applicable_Platforms": {"Language": {"@Class": "Not Language-Specific", "@Prevalence": "Undetermined"}}, "Modes_Of_Introduction": {"Introduction": {"Phase": "Implementation"}}, "Common_Consequences": {"Consequence": {"Scope": "Integrity", "Impact": "Unexpected State"}}, "Potential_Mitigations": {"Mitigation": [{"@Mitigation_ID": "MIT-44", "Phase": "Architecture and Design", "Strategy": "Input Validation", "Description": "Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names."}, {"@Mitigation_ID": "MIT-5", "Phase": "Implementation", "Strategy": "Input Validation", "Description": {"xhtml:p": ["Assume all input is malicious. Use an \"accept known good\" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.", "When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, \"boat\" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as \"red\" or \"blue.\"", "Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs.  This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright."]}}, {"@Mitigation_ID": "MIT-20", "Phase": "Implementation", "Strategy": "Input Validation", "Description": "Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked."}]}, "Observed_Examples": {"Observed_Example": [{"Reference": "CVE-2000-0900", "Description": "Hex-encoded path traversal variants - \"%2e%2e\", \"%2e%2e%2f\", \"%5c%2e%2e\"", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2000-0900"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2005-2256", "Description": "Hex-encoded path traversal variants - \"%2e%2e\", \"%2e%2e%2f\", \"%5c%2e%2e\"", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2005-2256"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2004-2121", "Description": "Hex-encoded path traversal variants - \"%2e%2e\", \"%2e%2e%2f\", \"%5c%2e%2e\"", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2004-2121"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2004-0280", "Description": "\"%20\" (encoded space)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2004-0280"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2003-0424", "Description": "\"%20\" (encoded space)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2003-0424"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2001-0693", "Description": "\"%20\" (encoded space)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2001-0693"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2001-0778", "Description": "\"%20\" (encoded space)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2001-0778"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2002-1831", "Description": "Crash via hex-encoded space \"%20\".", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2002-1831"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2000-0671", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2000-0671"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2004-0189", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2004-0189"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2002-1291", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2002-1291"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2002-1031", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2002-1031"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2001-1140", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2001-1140"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2004-0760", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2004-0760"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2002-1025", "Description": "\"%00\" (encoded null)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2002-1025"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2002-1213", "Description": "\"%2f\" (encoded slash)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2002-1213"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2004-0072", "Description": "\"%5c\" (encoded backslash) and \"%2e\" (encoded dot) sequences", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2004-0072"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2004-0847", "Description": "web framework for .NET allows remote attackers to bypass authentication for .aspx files in restricted directories via a request containing a (1) \"\\\" (backslash) or (2) \"%5C\" (encoded backslash)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2004-0847"}, {"Reference": "CVE-2002-1575", "Description": "\"%0a\" (overlaps CRLF)", "Link": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2002-1575"}]}, "Taxonomy_Mappings": {"Taxonomy_Mapping": {"@Taxonomy_Name": "PLOVER", "Entry_Name": "URL Encoding (Hex Encoding)"}}, "Related_Attack_Patterns": {"Related_Attack_Pattern": [{"@CAPEC_ID": "120"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "468"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "64"}, {"@CAPEC_ID": "72"}]}, "Mapping_Notes": {"Usage": "Allowed", "Rationale": "This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.", "Comments": "Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.", "Reasons": {"Reason": {"@Type": "Acceptable-Use"}}}, "Content_History": {"Submission": {"Submission_Name": "PLOVER", "Submission_Date": "2006-07-19", "Submission_Version": "Draft 3", "Submission_ReleaseDate": "2006-07-19"}, "Modification": [{"Modification_Name": "Eric Dalci", "Modification_Organization": "Cigital", "Modification_Date": "2008-07-01", "Modification_Version": "1.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-09-09", "Modification_Comment": "updated Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction"}, {"Modification_Organization": "Veracode", "Modification_Date": "2008-08-15", "Modification_Version": "1.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-09-09", "Modification_Comment": "Suggested OWASP Top Ten 2004 mapping"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2008-09-08", "Modification_Version": "1.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2008-09-09", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships, Observed_Example, Taxonomy_Mappings"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2009-07-27", "Modification_Version": "1.5", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2009-07-27", "Modification_Comment": "updated Potential_Mitigations"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2010-12-13", "Modification_Version": "1.11", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2010-12-13", "Modification_Comment": "updated Name"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2011-03-29", "Modification_Version": "1.12", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2011-03-30", "Modification_Comment": "updated Potential_Mitigations"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2011-06-01", "Modification_Version": "1.13", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2011-06-01", "Modification_Comment": "updated Common_Consequences"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2011-06-27", "Modification_Version": "2.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2011-06-27", "Modification_Comment": "updated Common_Consequences"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2012-05-11", "Modification_Version": "2.2", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2012-05-15", "Modification_Comment": "updated Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2012-10-30", "Modification_Version": "2.3", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2012-10-30", "Modification_Comment": "updated Potential_Mitigations"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2014-07-30", "Modification_Version": "2.8", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2014-07-31", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2017-11-08", "Modification_Version": "3.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2017-11-08", "Modification_Comment": "updated Applicable_Platforms"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2019-01-03", "Modification_Version": "3.2", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2019-01-03", "Modification_Comment": "updated Related_Attack_Patterns"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2020-02-24", "Modification_Version": "4.0", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2020-02-24", "Modification_Comment": "updated Potential_Mitigations, Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2020-06-25", "Modification_Version": "4.1", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2020-06-25", "Modification_Comment": "updated Potential_Mitigations"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2023-01-31", "Modification_Version": "4.10", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2023-01-31", "Modification_Comment": "updated Description"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2023-04-27", "Modification_Version": "4.11", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2023-04-27", "Modification_Comment": "updated Relationships"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2023-06-29", "Modification_Version": "4.12", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2023-06-29", "Modification_Comment": "updated Mapping_Notes"}, {"Modification_Name": "CWE Content Team", "Modification_Organization": "MITRE", "Modification_Date": "2025-12-11", "Modification_Version": "4.19", "Modification_ReleaseDate": "2025-12-11", "Modification_Comment": "updated Observed_Examples, Weakness_Ordinalities"}], "Previous_Entry_Name": [{"@Date": "2008-04-11", "#text": "URL Encoding (Hex Encoding)"}, {"@Date": "2010-12-13", "#text": "Failure to Handle URL Encoding (Hex Encoding)"}]}}